Xll COKTEN^TS. 



CHAP. p^GE 



LIV. Spotted Knotwood— Polygonum. Oclirese. Apeta- 

 lous flowers. An aclieuium. Other species. Tlie 



nectar defended from ants The Polygonace^ 199 



LV. The Spukges — Euphorbia. A monandrous flower. A 

 glandular involucre. Poisonous juice. The Euphor- 



BIACE^. Tapiota. Caoutchouc 204 



LVI. The White Oak— Quercus. Aments. Wind-fertiliza- 

 tion. Acorns. Germination. History. Straight- 

 veined leaves. The Cupuliferje. The value of 



Mast. Oak timber. Nut-galls 207 



LVII. The White Pine — Pinus. Acerous leaves. Triple 

 pollen grains. Biennial fruit. The cone. Naked 



seeds. Root fences. Other species 314 



LVIII. The Hemlock— Abies„ Excurrent trunk. The Conif- 

 ERJS. Pitted cells. The Douglass Fir. The Giant 



Cedars. Turpentine 218 



LIX. The Palmetto— Sabal. Tree with one bud. Caudex. 

 The endogenous structure. Other Palms. Germi- 

 nation of the Cocoanut. The Palmace^. Date Palm. 



Sago. Vegetable Ivory. Palm oil 223 



LX. Jack-in-the-Pulpit — Arisaema. The spadix and spathe. 



Golden Club. Calla. The Arace^. Sweet Flag 229 



LXI. The Showy Orchis — An orchidaceous perianth, Gy- 

 nandrous stamens. Pollinia= How fertilized. A 



walking plant 233 



LXII. Orchis Psychodes. O. orbiculata. Lady's Slipper. The 



Orchidace^. Mimicry of insects, birds, etc 237 



LXIII. Iris, or Blue Flag. Ensiform leaves. Pollenization. 



The Fleur-de lis in history , , 241 



LXIV. Blue-eyed Grass— Sisyrinchium. The Iridace^ 244 



LXV. The Trilliums. Net-veined endogens. Wake-robin. 



The Bath-flower. Indian Cucumber. The Trilliace^. 246 

 LXVI. Bellwort, or Wild Oats — Uvularia. Perfoliate leaves. 



Loculicidal pods. U. sessilifolia, and other species . . 254 

 LXVII. Lily-of-the-Valley— Convallaria. Gamopetalous. Ori- 

 gin of the stem. History. Clintonia. The Liliace^. 254 

 LXVIII. The Star -grass— Hypoxis. Sagittate anthers. Species. 258 

 LXIX. The Sedges. Galingale — Cyperus. The umbels. The 



naked flowers. The spikes.* The Eushes. Achenium. 263 

 LXX. The Sedges. Carex. Triangular culm. Monoecious spikes. 



Perigynium. Glume. The Cyperace^. Papyrus... 265 

 LXXI. The Grasses. The turf. Culm. Sheath. Ligule. 

 Poa pratensis. Wind-fertilization. Blue Grass. Fowl 



Meadow „ , 271 



LXXII. Orchard Grass — Dactylis. Secund panicles. Keeled 



glumes 274 



LXXIII. Sweet Vernal Grass — Anthoxanthum. Germination 

 of the Grasses. The order Gramine^e. The cereals. 

 Bamboo. Hay — of what grasses made 276 



