DYSENTERY, CHOLERA INFANTUM, ETC. 143 



for the prevention of the various filth diseases here- 

 tofore referred to will be appreciated, when the fact 

 is taken into consideration that in our great Civil War 

 nearly as many deaths resulted from these diseases as 

 from wounds inflicted in battle. 



During jhe Civil War the number of deaths from 

 disease in the Union army was 186,216; the number 

 killed in battle or who died of wounds was 93,969. 

 The number of deaths from the several forms of 

 diarrhoea and dysentery was 44,558, the number due 

 to " camp fevers," including typhoid, " typho-malarial," 

 etc., was 40,656, a total of 85,214. This is also the 

 history of wars in other countries and in all ages 

 disease claims more victims than battle. When we 

 add to the deaths resulting from filth diseases in the 

 armies of the world the enormous mortality which 

 has occurred and continues to occur among the civil 

 population, the figures are astounding. And yet 

 these diseases are now generally recognised as " pre- 

 ventable diseases " ; and, as shown in previous chap- 

 ters, great success has already attended the efforts 

 made by sanitarians to restrict their prevalence. In 

 the United States army, during the Spanish- American 

 War, typhoid fever prevailed extensively in nearly all 

 our camps among the new levies of troops, but with- 

 in a few months its ravages were checked by the 

 enforcement of proper sanitary measures. In the 



