THE CHRYSALIS. 



FIG. 54. Chrys- 

 alis of Polygonia 

 Faunus, nat. size. 



terfly in its transformations passed through an 

 active pupal stage, like the lowest insects of to- 

 day, when its limbs were unsheathed, 

 its appetite unabated, and its daily 

 necessities required the use of a 

 compound eye, such as would result 

 from the multiplication and con- 

 glomeration of simple eyes within 

 the normal ocellar field of the larva ? 

 These, it is true, are merely specula- 

 tions ; but we must not rest satisfied with any 

 explanation of the structure 

 of this glassy band which 

 does not account for its 

 form and its relation to the 

 larval row of tubercles. 



There is another peculiarity in the head of 

 certain chrysalids which de- 

 mands our attention and an ex- 

 planation of its cause, since it 

 is found in some groups and 

 not in others. On either side 

 of the head there is often a 

 roughened angulate or conical 

 projection, bearing no relation 

 whatever to the parts beneath, 

 but looking like a pair of clumsy 

 horns or ears projecting forward 

 [Fig. 54 ; see also Figs. 49 and 50] ; other chrysalids 



FIG. 55. Chrysalis of Lereraa 

 Accius, nat. size. 



FIG. 56. Chrysalis of 

 Eurymus Philodice, nat. 

 size (Harris). 



