140 SEASONAL CHANGES AND HISTORIES. 



individuals emerging from wintering chrysalids 

 often appear by the last week in the same month 

 and continue to emerge until the middle of June, 

 battered and brilliant specimens from the same 

 original stock may be seen flying in company. 

 Caterpillars of various ages from eggs laid by 

 these butterflies may be found thro ugh nearly the 

 whole of June and the first half of July ; the 

 chrysalids hang for about ten days and the but- 

 terflies appear in the first days of July and con- 

 tinue to emerge from the chrysalis throughout the 

 month ; the eggs are soon laid again, and another 

 brood of caterpillars may be found in August ; 

 butterflies from these appear late in August and 

 early in September, and continue a long while 

 upon the wing, as they are among the last of our 

 hibernating butterflies to seek their winter quar- 

 ters ; not all the chrysalids, however, disclose the 

 butterfly, but some of these also hibernate. We 

 have, therefore, a double-brooded butterfly of 

 which specimens fresh from the chrysalis may be 

 found upon the wing three times a year, winter 

 approaching in the midst of the season of pupa- 

 tion, and arresting the development of a portion 

 of the brood. 



Mixed modes of hibernation may also be found 

 in other butterflies ; some, like our common 

 American Copper [see Fig. 105], pass the winter 

 both as a caterpillar and a chrysalis ; and others, 



