IN COLORING AND STRUCTURE. 187 



Beauty (Erora laeta), the male is wholly brown, 

 with a border of deep blue on a portion of the 

 hind wings : while in the female, the blue has 

 extended so as to cover almost all the hind wings 

 and even the base of the front wings. 



But it is in the coppers [see Figs. 105, 117] that 

 the phenomenon is most common. Here the fe- 

 males are usually of a fulvous color, heavily 



FIG. 158. Speyeria Idalia, nat. size ; under surface on right (Harris). 



spotted with black, and particularly noticeable 

 for their conspicuous broad dark border and a 

 row of spots crossing the wings beyond the mid- 

 dle ; while the males are either of some dark 

 brown shade or of a coppery fiery hue, almost 

 always without any border or conspicuous spots. 

 Now in all cases of colorational antigeny it is 

 the female and almost never the male which first 

 departs from the normal type of coloring of the 



