192 DIVERSITY OF THE SEXES 



Fig. 105] marked with, black ; another where 

 both are fulvous, marked with black ; others 

 where both sexes are brown, and several where 

 the male is brown marked with fulvous, and the 

 female fulvous marked with brown [see Fig. 117] ; 

 others, again, where the male is wholly brown 

 and the female fulvous spotted with brown ; and 

 still others with fiery male and brown female. 

 We have nearly every possible variation, but the 

 prevalent feature is a dark male often with more 

 or less metallic reflections, which sometimes in- 

 crease so as to give the insect a fiery coppery hue ; 

 and a fulvous spot-ted and margined female. I do 

 not see how we can discover with any certainty 

 from within the limits of the group of coppers, 

 what should be considered the normal type ; nor 

 are we much better off in an examination outside 

 the group ; there the prevailing tint is either 

 brown or blue ; but I am inclined to think that 

 brown tending strongly to copper should be con- 

 sidered the normal type ; in which case the males 

 are generally normal, and the species antigenic. 



But sexual dimorphism is not confined to color 

 or pattern ; there is also structural as well as col- 

 orational antigeny ; this term embraces all those 

 minor features which, in these and other animals, 

 have been classed as accessory sexual peculiari- 

 ties ; in general, they are such characteristics as 

 the wattles and special plumage of the cock and 



