496 



PART IV. CLASSIFICATION. 



FIG. 307. Butomus w/nliellttus. A Flower (nat. size). 

 B Gjnasceum (mag.) ; n stigmata. I Diagram : p p 

 perianth ; / stamens of the outer whorl duplicate : /' 

 stamens of the inner whorl ; c outer, and c' inner whorl 

 of carpels. (After Sachs.) 



Butomus umlellalus is 

 the Flowering Rush 

 (Figs. 306 A, 307). The 

 flowers, which have vio- 

 let petals, have the fol- 

 lowing formula : K3, C'3, 

 A3- + 3, G 3 + 3 ; they are 

 arranged in an umbel- 

 late helicoid cyme at the 

 apex of the scape, which 

 is about 3 feet high ; 

 this and the leaves, 

 which are of about the 

 same length, spring 

 from an underground 

 rhizome. The ovules, 

 which are numerous, are 

 borne on the inner sur- 

 face of the carpels (Fig. 

 284 0) : the embryo is 

 straight. 



Sub-series. Syncarpce. 

 Gynseceum syncarpous. 



Cohort I. Li Hales. Perianth homochlamydeous, usually 

 petaloid ; seeds with endosperm ; general floral formula A'3, (73, 



Order 1. LILIACE.E. The flowers conform generally to the 

 above formula, but 3 is replaced sometimes by 2 or 4 : they are not 

 zygomorphic : endosperm oily ; fruit a capsule or a berry. Mostly 

 rhizomatous or bulbous plants : rarely trees or shrubs. 



Sub-order 1. LILIOIDE^E, with a loculicidal capsule, introrse anthers, 

 and united styles. Bulbous plants. 



The family Tulipece includes the following 

 genera : Lilium, Fritillaria, Tulipa, Erythron- 

 ium, Lloydia. 



Many species are cultivated, Lilium can- 

 didum is the white Lily ; L. kulbiferum, produc- 

 ing bulbils in the axils of the upper leaves; 

 I" Martagon, the Turk's Cap Lily ; L. tigrinum, 

 the Tiger-Lily ; L. speciosum, auratum, etc. 

 Fritillaria imperialis is the Crown Imperial, 

 the flowers of which are surmounted by a 

 ^^ Qf ]eaveSi TM Gesneriana is the 



Tulip. Ertjthronium Dens-Canis is the Dog- 

 Tooth Violet. The following occur wild in 



Fm. 308 . Flower of the 

 Hyacinth : a a a the three 

 outer; it'ithe three inner 

 segments of the perianth, 

 which is tubular at the lower 

 part (nat. size). 



