GROUP V. ANGIOSPERJLE ; DICOTYLEDON ES. 



51 9 



respectively, Fig. 327) of each side. In the g catkin the median 

 flower only is developed : the filaments of the stamens are deeply 

 forked. 



FIG. 330. Corylus Avellana. A Bract (s) of a 

 cj catkin, with a <J flower: stamens (/), and 

 anthers (a). B 9 catkin: the lower bracts () 

 have no flowers : the stigmata (n) project above. 

 C A single ? flower surrounded by the cupnle 

 (bracteoles) (c), with two stigmata (n) (mag. 

 and diag.) 



FIG. 331. Corylus Avellana. A 

 Flowering branch. B $ flower 

 with its bract. C Bract after the 

 removal of the anthers. F Group 

 of ? flowers seen from within : 

 b bract. 



In Corylus, the Hazel, the ? catkin resembles a bud, since the external 

 sterile bracts have the same structure as the bud-scales (Fig. 380.B) ; the 

 red stigmata project at the top ; the investment of the fruit is irregularly 

 cut 5 a small projection is formed on the fruit, the nut, by the remains of 

 the epigynous perianth. Each bract of the amentum bears two bracteoles 

 a and /}, and a flower consisting of four forked stamens (Figs. 330-1). 

 Both kinds of amenta are placed in the axils of the leaves of the previous 

 year, and are not enclosed by scales during the winter; hence flowering 

 takes place before the unfolding of the leaves. 

 Leaves distichous. C. Avellana is the common 

 Hazel ; a variety of C. tubuloaa, with red leaves, 

 the Purple or Blood Hazel, is cultivated as an 

 ornamental shrub. 



In Carpinus, the Hornbeam, the fruit has a 

 three-lobed cupule (Fig. 332), the fruit is ribbed 

 and is surmounted by the perianth. The bract 

 of the <J catkin bears 4-10 deeply forked sta- 

 mens ; there are no bracteoles. The catkins of 

 both kinds are borne at the apex of short leafy 

 shoots of the same year, hence flowering takes 

 place after the unfolding of the leaves. Leaves 

 distichous. The annual shoots form sympodia. 



C. Betuhts .has an irregular stem and serrate pinus Betulu*' with "three- 

 leaves which are plicate along the lateral veins. i bed capsule. 



FIG. 332. Fruit of Car- 



