548 



PART IV. CLASSIFICATION. 



opposite to the sepals : calyx inconspicuous : ovary bilocular, with 

 one ovule in each loculus : a disc between the stamens and the 

 styles : inflorescence usually umbellate : seed containing endosperm : 

 leaves exstipulate. 



Order 1. UMBELLIFERJE. Flowers generally regular, but 

 with oligomery in the gynseceum ; formula, K6, (75, Ab, G& : 

 the calyx is generally very small, often hardly visible, though 

 sometimes well developed (e.g. Eryngium, Astrantia) : the corolla 

 consists of five rather small white or yellow petals ; occasionally 

 the outermost petals of the flowers at the circumference of the 

 umbel are larger than the others, and the umbel is then termed 

 radiant : stamens five ; ovary inferior, bilocular : the base of 



rr 



FIG. 361. A Flower of Foeniculum (mag.) : / ovary; c corolla; s stamens; d disc. B 

 Fruit of Heracleum : p pedicel ; g style ; r r r ridges (costa?) : rr marginal ridges ; o oil- 

 ducts (vittae) (mag.). C Transverse section of mericarp of Carwro Cantt (Orthosperine*) : 

 w surface that comes into contact with the other mericarp; o vittse; e endosperm. D 

 Transverse section of mericarp of Conium (Campylospermece). S Fruit of Coriandrum, 

 (Ccelospermece) : k margin of the surface along which the two mericarps are in contact ; r 

 ridges; n secondary ridges : F section of a mericarp. (Mag.) 



the two styles is fleshy and thickened, forming an epigyuous 

 disc (Fig. 361 A d) ; one suspended ovule in each loculus of the 

 ovary (Fig. 284 E) : the fruit, when ripe, splits into two meri- 

 carps, each loculus of the ovary being permanently closed by a 

 median septum (Fig. 362 B a; see p. 473). The structure of the 

 pericarp is an important characteristic for the classification of the 

 family. The fruit is commonly either oval in form, or compressed 

 (Fig. 361 B\ or nearly spherical (Fig. 361 E] : its surface generally 

 bears longitudinal ridges (costce or juga primarid) enclosing vas- 



