550 PART IV. CLASSIFICATIOX. 



pressed : Ammi, Bupleurum, Petroselinum, Apium, ^Egopodium, Carum 

 (Figs. 361 C, and 362), Cicuta, Slum, Pimpinella, Trinia, Conopodium, 

 Sison. 



Tribe 4. Seselinetv. Secondary ridges absent, or if present (Siler) not so 

 prominent as the primary : fruit not compressed : ^Ethusa, Foeniculum, 

 (Enanthe, Seseli, Meum, Ligusticum, Silaus, Crithmum, Siler. 



Tribe 5. An<jelicei.v. Fruit without secondary ridges, dorsal ly com- 

 pressed, the lateral primary ridges winged, the wings of the two mericarps 

 divergent ; Angelica, Archangelica. 



Tribe 6. Peucedaneiv. Fruit without secondary ridges, dorsally com- 

 pressed, the lateral primary ridges winged, the wings of the two meri- 

 carps apposed : Peucedanum (inch Imperatoria), Pastinaca, Heracleum, 

 Tordylium. 



Tribe 7. Daucinew. The secondary ridges are spinous : Daucus. 



Sub-order II. CAMI>YLOSI>ERME.. 



Tribe 8. Caucalinece. Secondary ridges spinous : Caucalis (incl. Torilis). 



Tribe 9. Smyrniece. Fruit without secondary ridges : Anthriscus, 

 Myrrhis, Conium (Fig. 361 Z>), Smyrnium, Physospermum. 



Sub-order III. C<ELOSPERMK.E. 



Tribe 10. Scandicece. Fruit sub-globose, without secondary ridges : 

 Scandix, Chserophyllum, Echinophora. 



Tribe 11. Coriandrecn. Fruit spherical ; secondary ridges more pro- 

 minent than the wavy primary ridges : Coriandrum (Fig. 361 F, E). 



Anthriscus siliestris, the Cow-Parsley ; Carum Carui, the Caraway ; Herac- 

 leum Sphondylium, the Cow-Parsnip ; jEgopodium Podayraria, the Gout- 

 Weed ; Pastinaca sativa, the Wild Parsnip, are common in meadows and 

 woods : Crithmum, the Samphire, grows on rocks by the sea : Echinophora, 

 the Prickly Samphire, growing on sandy sea-shores, has been exter- 

 minated in Britain. The following are cultivated: Apium graveolens, 

 Celery; Petroselinum sativum, Parsley; Daucus Carota, the Carrot; Pasti- 

 naca oleracea, the Parsnip ; Anthriscus Cere/Mum, the Chervil. The follow- 

 ing are poisonous: Conium maculatum, the Hemlock; Cicuta virosa, the 

 Water-Hemlock ; jEthusa Cynapium, Fool's-Parsley. 



Order 2. ARALIACE^E. Flowers generally pentamerous; stamens 

 sometimes more numerous ; carpels more or less numerous : fruit, 

 a berry or a drupe. Shrubs, sometimes root-climbers, with 

 scattered palmate leaves. 



Hetlera Helix, the Ivy, does not blossom till it is some years old : the 

 mmbels are borne on erect branches, the leaves of which are entire. Fatsia 

 papi/rifera is used in Japan for making a kind of paper known as rice- 

 paper ; it is made from the pith. 



Cohort II. Passiflorales. Flowers frequently unisexual, 

 regular ; epigynous, perigynous or hypogynous ; pentamerous : 

 stamens in one or two whorls, or indefinite : gynseceum syncarpous ; 



