574 



PAET IV. CLASSIFICATION. 



SEEIES II. EPIGYN^I. 

 Ovary inferior. 



Cohort I. Campanales. Flowers actinomorphic or zygo- 

 morphic, pentamerous ; formula K($) (7(5) .4(5) G& to ^, : sepals 

 leafy and narrow : stamens usually free from the corolla, but often 

 connate : ovary multilocular, of two to five carpels, inferior. 



Order I. CAMPANULACE^E. Flowers regular (Figs. 263, 389) : 

 stamens five, often connate at the base ; ovary usually trilocular, 

 with numerous ovules ; placentation axile : fruit a capsule : seed 

 with endosperm. Mostly herbs with milky latex. 



The gynaeceum is often oligomerous, and then usually trimerons (e.g. 

 most species of Campanula, Fig. 389, and Phyteuma), sometimes bilocular 

 (Jasione, species of Phyteuma): when isomerous, the carpels are either 

 antisepalous and therefore opposite to the stamens (e.g. a few species of 

 Campanula, Fig. 263), or antipetalous and therefore alternate with the 

 stamens (e.g. Musschia, Platycodon). 



FIG. 339. Andrcecinm and gynseeeum cf 

 Campanula : / inferior ovary ; c insertion 

 of the corolla ; o anthers ; b expanded base 

 of the stamens ; n stigmata (mag.). 



Fis. 399. 4 Floral diagram of a spe- 

 cies of Campanula with a trimerous 

 ovary (e.g. C. persicifolia) -. a gynseceum 

 of Lobelia. 



Campanula rotundifolia, the Hare-bell, glomerata, and other species are 

 common in fields, on heaths, etc., etc. : C. Medium is the Canterbury-bell 

 cultivated in gardens. Phyteuma orbiculare and spicatum, the Hampions, 

 are indigenous in parts of England ; the flowers are in capitula, and the 

 calyx is deeply 5-cleft with spreading teeth : nearly allied is the genus 

 Jasione ; J. montana, the Sheep's-bit, is common in England. Specularia 

 has a rotate corolla ; S. Speculum, Venus's Looking-glass, is cultivated. 



Cohort II. Rubiales. Flowers generally regular, actinomor- 

 phic or zygomorphic : calyx generally present : stamens epipetalous : 

 gynseceum 2-5-merous : ovary uni- or multi-locular ovules 2 x ; 

 leaves generally opposite. 



