182 INFECTIVE DISEASES. 



a case of purulent peritonitis in a cow, were carried through 

 sub-cultures under exactly similar conditions. -Cultivations of the 

 Streptococcus pyogenes bovis exhibited variations in microscopical 

 and cultural characters which were even more marked than in the 

 case of the Streptococcus pyogenes hominis. By selecting certain 

 cultures from both sources there was a striking similarity if not 

 identity between them, but, when compared under exactly identical 

 conditions, there was more difference in cultural characters between 

 the Streptococcus pyogenes bovis and the Streptococcus pyogenes 

 hominis than between the Streptococcus pyogenes hominis and the 

 Streptococcus erysipelatis, and they may therefore be regarded as 

 distinct varieties (Figs. 89, 90). 



Some of the diseases and conditions in which Streptococcus 

 pyogenes has been found may be alluded to more in detail. 



Spreading Gangrene. From a case of spreading gangrene, which was 

 identical with Ogston's erysipelatoid wound gangrene, and regarded by 

 him as the most intense and dangerous form of erysipelas, Rosenbach 

 obtained pure-cultivations of a streptococcus by incising the skin of the 

 limb, and inoculating tubes from the turbid reddish fluid which escaped. 

 That the streptococcus was identical with Streptococcus pyogenes was 

 ascertained by comparison with a cultivation derived from pus, of the 

 mode of growth, and of the effect on animals. 



Surgical Fever. Eiselsberg proved the presence of a streptococcus 

 in the blood of several cases of surgical fever in Billroth's clinic. The 

 organism was identified by cultivation with Streptococcus pyogenes. 



Diphtheria. In three cases of typical diphtheria, Loffler found a 

 streptococcus. He isolated it by cultivation, found that it was similar 

 in form, characters on cultivation, and effects after inoculation, to 

 Fehleisen's streptococcus of erysipelas. Loffler was not inclined to 

 regard them as identical, because Fehleisen never found his cocci in the 

 blood-vessels. Flligge named the organism Streptococcus articulorum, 

 and states, that after subcutaneous inoculation or injection of a cultiva- 

 tion in mice, a large proportion of the animals die, and in the sections 

 of the spleen and other organs the streptococci are again seen. Baum- 

 garten investigated the same subject, and decided that the streptococcus 

 was identical with Streptococcus pyogenes. 



Small-pox. Hlava has established the presence of Streptococcus 

 pyogenes in the pustules of variola, and Garre found streptococci in the 

 internal organs in a case of variola hsemorrhagica. In a fatal case of 

 variola complicated with pemphigus, Garre found a streptococcus in 

 the pemphigus vesicles. Whether it was identical with Streptococcus 

 erysipelatis Garre left an open question. 



Yellow Fever. Babes observed the presence of streptococci in the 

 vessels of the kidney and liver in yellow fever. Cultivation experiments 

 are wanting. It was probably a case of secondary infection with Strepto- 

 coccus pyogenes. 



