M PPURATION, PYAEMIA, SEPTICAEMIA, ERYSIPELAS. 189 



cultivation in broth or agar-agar tubes of nutrient gelatine can 

 be inoculated. Cover-glass-preparationfl from the growths on solid 

 media can be made in the usual way, and stained with either a 

 watery solution of t'uchsme or gentian violet : but to stain prepa- 

 rations made from milk or broth, or from the liquid in agar-agar 

 tubes, use the method of Gram ; the stain will then be removed, 

 except from the streptococci, and very beautiful preparations 

 result. 



GONORRHOZA. 



Gonorrhoea is the result of a catarrhal inflammation of the 

 mucous membrane of the urethra, vagina, or conjunctiva caused by 

 a characteristic pyogenic organism discovered by Neisser in 1879. 



Gonococcus of Neisser. Cocci, usually in pairs 1-6 //. in 

 length, '8 p. in width, and tetrads, with those surfaces of the com- 

 ponent elements which are in contact, flattened. The elements 

 are more or less kidney -shaped, and are separated by a clear 

 unstained interval. They are found free in the pus and also in 

 the interior of the pus cells. They stain with the aniline dyes, 

 but art- decolorized by (.Train's solution. They do not grow on 

 the ordinary media, such as gelatine, agar, and potato, in marked 

 contrast to the common pyogenic cocci ; but Bumm succeeded in 

 obtaining a cultivation by using human blood serum, which was 

 procured for the purpose from the placenta. They give rise t< 

 a very delicate growth in the form of an almost invisible film, 

 with a moist appearance, which attains its full development in 

 a few da vs. Steinschneider used human blood serum and agar 

 incubated at 35 C. 



Krall recommended either agar with grape-sugar and blood serum, 

 or the same inixrmv with the addition of 5 per cent, glycerine. 

 Others have employed nutrient agar with the surface moistened with 

 sterilised human blood. More recently Keifer ha> l>een successful 

 with a medium which is prepared in the following way: aseitie 

 fluid is filtered and sterilised by Tyndall's process, to this is added 

 an equal quantity of the following mixture, agar 3'5, peptone 5, 

 glycerine '_'. salt \> (per cent.). The ascitic agar is solidified in a 

 Petri'> dish, and the culture incubated at 36 C. 



They have also been cultivated in albumin from plovers' eggs, 

 and in the fluid obtained from a case of synovitis of the knee joint. 



Inoculation of rabbit-, dogs, horses, and monkeys, has been 

 invariably unsuccessful, but .sub-culture.-, produce the disease in 

 the healthy urethra. 



