SWINE FEVER. 



349 



Biuld first pointed out that this disease might be compared 

 to human typhoid, both diseases being attended by a peculiar 

 ulceration of the intestinal follicles ; but the diseases are not to 

 be considered in any sense identical or interchangeable. 



Bacteria in Swine Fever. 

 In 1877 Klein published a 

 ivM-aivh iii a Report to the Local 



ff 



FIG. 138. BACILLUS OF SWINK-FKVKK 

 No. 1. (KLKIX.) 



Government Board, in which 



he claimed to have discovered 



bacilli characteristic of the 



disease. They were described as 



similar to Bacillus subtilis, or 



Bacillus anthracis, but smaller 



in size. These bacilli developed 



into long leptothrix filaments, and formed spores. It was further 



asserted that 011 inoculation, cultures produced lesions indicative of 



swine fever ; the bacilli were also pathogenic in mice and rabbits. 



Later this bacillus was re- 

 nounced in favour of another. 

 In the following year Det- 

 mers described a bacillus, but 

 subsequently renounced it in 

 favour of a micrococcus. 



In 1882 Pasteur maintained 

 that the virus of swine fever in 

 France (rouget) was a dumb-bell 

 micrococcus, which produced the 

 same effect in pigeons as the 

 microbe of fowl-cholera. Though 



rouget or swine measles is probably a different disease, the occurrence 



of this micro-organism is of interest in this connection. 



In 1883 Klein again investigated swine fever, and discovered 



Bacillus No. 2, and maintained 



that these bacilli were found in 



the blood, in the peritoneal and 



bronchial exudations ; and in the 



air vesicles of the lungs, in the 



FIG. 139. BACILLUS No. 2. FROM A 



PRKPARATION OF BRONCHIAL Mrcrs 

 OF A PIG. (KLKIX.) 



Fi;. 140. BACILLUS No. 2. FROM AX 

 ARTIFICIAL CULTURE. (KLKIX.) 



form of leptothrix filaments ten 



or twenty times the length of 



single rods. Cultivations were 



made on solid media. The organisms in these cultures were minute 



rods actively motile, occurring singly or forming chains, two or three 



