INFECTIOUS DISEASE OF BEES IN ITALY. 471 



potatoes they form a dryish, yellow layer, and in milk a tremulous 

 jelly. A cultivation of the bacillus in milk, sprayed over a honey, 

 comb containing a healthy brood of bee larv*, produced foul-1,, 

 Adult bees fed on material containing bacilli became infected 

 Inoculation of mice and rabbits with the bacillus gave d..nl,tf..l 

 results. 



Stamping-out System.-The infected bees, combs, frames and 

 quilts must be destroyed, and the hives thoroughly disinfected, as 

 this is the only way in which the resistant spores can be got rid at, 

 Cowan believes that if foul-brood were under Government inspection 

 and infected hives were destroyed, the disease could 1* s^nii*-.! 



FIG. 195. CULTIVATION ON THE SURFACE OF GELATINE, x 80 

 (CHESHIRE AND CHEYNK). 



INFECTIOUS DISEASE OF BEES ix ITALY. 



In Italy bees are subject to another infectious malady, and 

 Canestrini has found bacilli in the bees and in the larva;, which are 

 believed to be the cause of the malady. 



Bacillus of Infectious Disease of Bees (('am^ti-iui). Rods 

 2 fj. in width and 4 to 6 /A in length, occurring .-inirly, in j 

 and in chains, sometimes capsulated. They are motile, and spore- 

 formation is present. They liquefy gelatine, colouring tin- liquid 

 pink and forming a white deposit. On agar they form a whit.- 

 growth, and on potato fa claret-coloured layer. ('ultui-> .-in- 

 to be capable of producing the disease in Ix-fs and 1.. 



PEBKINE. 



The silkworm disease known in France as pebrine is characterised 

 by the appearance of black patches on the skin of the won: I 

 was investigated by Cornalia, Nageli, and Pasteur. 



