DESCRIPTION <>i- si 





grow out into long, apparently un- 

 jointed threads. They are mostly 

 actively motile, but also occur in 

 zoogloea. The rods and threads 

 are sometimes slightly bent, like 

 vibrios. They are anaerobic. The 

 shorter rods as a rule swell in the 

 middle, becoming ellipsoidal, lemon, 



FIG. 199. CLOSTRIDIUM BUTYRUT.M. 



A. Active stage, (a, 1) Bent rods (vibrio- 



form) and threads, (c) Short 

 rods, (<Z) Longrods. 



B. Spore-formation. C. Spore-germina- 



tion. (Prazmowski. ) 



or spindle-shaped ; the long rods, 

 and sometimes the short ones, swell 

 at one end : in either case ellipsoidal 

 spores are developed (Fig. 19J); 



Cultivated in nutrient gelatine, 

 the medium is liquefied, and a scum 

 formed on the surface. They grow 



best between 35 J and 40 < Ti,,. 

 spores are widely di-tnl.ntid in 

 nature, and grow readily on fleshy 

 roots, old cheese, etc. They convert 

 the lactic acid in milk into butyric 

 acid, and produce the ripening of 



They occur aUo in solution 

 starch, dextrine, and sugar, and are 

 the active agents in the fermenta- 

 tion of sauerkrautand sour ghei 1. 



Bacillus butyricus (Botkin). 



Rods and tilaiiinits. spmv formation 

 present. They are anaerobic. 

 Colonies consist of felt-like 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine with 1-5 per cent, of grape- 

 sugar, the growth commences in 

 the lower part of the needle track 

 with abundant formation of gas 

 bubbles and liquefaction of the 



In milk there is abundant gas 

 formation, which will break the 

 flasks if closed. 



They were isolated from milk, 

 earth, and water. 



Bacillus butyricus 

 (Hueppe). Rods slightly 

 2-1 /* in length, '38 /x in width. 

 and filaments. 



Colonies yellowish; rapidly 

 liquefying. 



Inoculated in the depth of 

 gelatine liquefaction occurs 

 along the track of the needle, and 

 later a wrinkled s-kin floats on 

 the surface. 



On agar the growth is yel- 

 lowish. 



On potato the growi 

 wrinkled and faint! 



They coagulate milk. j>i 

 ting and then dissolving the casein. 

 Thev occur in milk. 

 Bacillus cadaveris (Sternberg 

 -Rods 1-5 to 4 p in length, and 

 1-2 M in width, singly, in pairs, and 



They are anaerobi ><* in 



( glycenne-agar are irregular, gnu 



<l They produce an acid reaction 



m SuKTneous injection in guinea- 

 | pigs may produce extensive 



