248 



ELEMENTARY ZOOLOGY. 



the larvae being known as caterpillars. There are two 

 pairs of wings and these are covered with minute scales 

 that fall away as a powder when the insects are handled. 



FIG. 94. Swallow-tail butterfly (Papilio machaon) larva, pupa, and adult. 

 From Nicholson. 



Questions on the Figure. Which is the larva and which the 

 pupa? Which of these is the earlier stage? What are the chief 

 characteristics of the three stages in the metamorphosis of butter- 

 flies the larva, the pupa, and the imago? 



The butterflies are more slender of body and more highly 

 colored, as a rule, than the moths. Moreover, the butterflies 

 fly by day and the moths chiefly by night ; the pupa of the 

 moth is often surrounded by a cocoon, while that of the 





