ARTHROPODA. 27 1 



Large, black ; bores into wood Carpenter ants. 



Small, brown ; nests in ground Corn-louse ants. 



Head and thorax rusty red; rest black; makes ant-hills, 



Mound-building ants. 



The small red ant belongs to the Myrmicidz, a related 

 family. 

 First segment of abdomen long and slender, connecting rest 



of abdomen with thorax Sphecid-js, etc. 



(Mud-daubers and digger-wasps). 

 Anterior wings folded lengthwise. 



Body smooth, Vespidce (wasps) . 



Abdomen long and spindle-shaped . . . .Polistes (wasps). 

 Abdomen thick and blunted, 



Vespa (hornets, yellow- jackets) . 



Body more or less hairy Apidce (bees). 



Solitary Carpenter, and leaf-cutting bees, etc. 



Social. 



Large, nests in ground; black with yellow, 



Bumble bees (many species). 



Small ; brown, with bands and patches of lighter colors, 



Honey bee (Apis). 



[The great orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera cannot be treated 

 satisfactorily in brief form. The student must be referred to such 

 books as Comstock's "Manual for the Study of Insects" or to 

 Kellogg's "American Insects." 



287. Topics for themes in Zoology and English. 



1 . Sexual dimorphism and polymorphism among insects. 



2. Adaptations for protection among the insects. 



3. Alluring coloration and its supposed uses. Illus- 

 trations. 



4. Is there any evidence of power of communication 

 among the social insects, as the ants. 



5. What senses seem best developed among the in- 

 sects? 



6. Courtship among the spiders. 



7. Spiders' webs and their various uses. How are they 

 produced? 



8. Some insects have wings for a portion of their life 



