CHAPTER XXVII. 



CHORD ATA: CLASS MAMMALIA (CONTINUED): MAN. 



356. General Statement. Man agrees 'with the higher 

 primates in all the essential structures and functions. 

 In many minor details, too, he resembles them. The 

 form of the fingers and the flat nails; the number and 

 arrangement of the teeth; the shape of the face, and 

 numerous other superficial things might be chosen to 

 show the likeness between man and the higher apes. It 

 is agreed by zoologists that there is less difference of 

 structure between man and the higher apes than between 

 the apes and the monkeys. 



In general, man agrees with all animals in all that is 

 necessary to make an organism an animal; he agrees 

 with all the vertebrates in the vertebrate characteristics; 

 he agrees with all the mammals in their distinctive fea- 

 tures; and finally he agrees with the primates in the 

 qualities that separate them from the lower mammals. 



357. The Structural Distinctions Between Man and the 

 Other Mammals. Man differs from the other primates 

 in the fact that he is more upright in position. This 

 brings about a greater development of the hind legs and 

 the pelvic bones for support and leaves the hands free 

 to serve the individual in ways other than locomotion. 

 He differs also in the size of the brain and in the convolu- 

 tions of it. The brain of the average man weighs from 

 two to three times that of the gorilla, while the heaviest 



360 



