PATHOGENIC BACTERIA 239 



Measles Rinderpest 



Rubella (Rothelin) Rhinoscleroma 



Dengue (Breakbone fever) Sheep pox 



Beri-beri Distemper 



Trachoma Swine erysipelas 



The Means of Transmission of Bacteria from One Individ- 

 ual to Another. The transmission of pathogenic bacteria 

 and other microorganisms from one individual to another 

 takes place in different ways. We will briefly call attention 

 to a few well-recognized facts in this connection. 



It has been known for years that a patient 'suffering from 

 diseases such as gonorrhoea, chancroids, syphilis, leprosy, or 

 external suppurating lesions could transmit the disease by 

 direct contact with the abraded skin or mucous membrane of 

 the diseased person or some article having been in contact 

 with the diseased individual. In these cases the bacteria pass 

 directly by contact from one infected wound to another and 

 infect it. Tuberculous lesions have also been noted to be 

 developed in the skin by direct inoculation from operations 

 and necropsies performed on tuberculous individuals. Then 

 again there are other diseases, for example, such as scarlet 

 fever and smallpox, which can be transmitted by the agency 

 of fomites; that is, articles which have been in contact 

 with the diseased individual, such as eating utensils, bed- 

 clothing, books, etc. 



It has been recently pointed out that typhoid fever, which 

 was heretofore supposed to be transmitted only through the 

 agency of water which has been contaminated by sewage or 



