PACKING AND SHIPPING 451 



should be finely cracked and scattered among the foliage. 

 It should never come in contact with the petals. A 

 second layer of roses is then put in place, so that the tips 

 of the buds are just below the base of the buds of the first 

 row. The waxed paper on which the buds are placed 

 separates and protects them from the buds of the first 

 row. Then follows a third row, and so on, until the box 

 is full. The stems at the right are covered with news- 

 papers to prevent slipping. Waxed paper and newspapers 

 are placed over the blooms and the top of the box nailed 

 securely in place. In cold weather it may be necessary 

 to wrap the box in several thicknesses of newspaper 

 (Fig. 52) . American Beauty roses are packed in a similar 

 manner, but require boxes somewhat longer and deeper. 



745. Carnations. Carnations are packed in much 

 the same manner as roses, except that the waxed paper 

 between the rows is usually omitted. They are generally 

 shipped in corrugated pasteboard boxes, but there is 

 always the danger of the flowers being crushed. Carna- 

 tions for exhibition purposes should always be shipped in 

 wooden boxes. 



746. Chrysanthemums. In shipping chrysanthe- 

 mums, it is especially necessary that the stem tissue be 

 well filled with water before they are packed. The boxes 

 generally used for large single blooms are five and one- 

 half feet long, twenty inches wide and ten inches deep. 

 They are made of one-half inch planed material, and 

 are re-inforced at the corners. Such a box holds from 

 eighteen to twenty-four blooms. The boxes are lined 

 with newspapers and have an inner lining of waxed paper. 

 If the blooms are large, small pads made of excelsior 

 wrapped in newspapers are used to support the necks of 

 the flowers. For smaller flowers, pads of newspaper alone 



