MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA 



17 



higher bacteria are the long filaments made up of shorter 

 segments and the whole surrounded by a sheath, the occa- 

 sional branching of the filaments, and in some cases, the set- 

 ting apart of certain elements (conidia) for the purpose of 

 reproduction. The distinctive morphological characters of 

 the genera of the higher bacteria are given under the 



Fig. 2. Higher bacteria: 1, branched filament carrying spores; 

 2, cross section of spore highly magnified; 3 and 4, spore building; 

 5, developing and bursting spores; 6 and 7, branching and sprouting 

 spores. (After Tavel.) 



chlamydobacteria in Migula's classification. There is not a 

 uniform agreement among authors regarding the generic 

 characters. These organisms are, however, of much less im- 

 portance pathologically than the lower bacteria. 



Morphology of the lower bacteria. The vegetative form 

 of all the lower bacteria consists of single cells. In form 

 they differ to such a degree that three basic forms or types 

 are recognized, namely, the spherical (coccus), the rod- 



tttt 



-I- 



-2- 



-9 



-3 



-4- 



-5- 



Fig. 3. Spherical forms. 1, micrococci; 2, micrococci clumped 

 (staphylococci) ; 3, micrococci in pairs (diplococci) ; 4, tetracocci 

 (micrococci, not separated after division); 5, in packets (sarcina). 



