234 MICROBIOLOGY 



H, 3 parts ; C0 2 , 2 parts. In lactose bouillon there is less gas. 

 Thirty-five cm. was the total amount of gas produced. The 

 formula is H, two parts, and CO 2 , one part. . In saccharose 

 bouillon, the amount of gas produced is much less than in lac- 

 tose. The formula is H, 3 parts and C0 2 , 2 parts. 



Milk. Milk is firmly coagulated within 24 hours. The 

 whey is perfectly clear, highly acid and odorless. 



Life conditions and properties. It is an aerobe and a 

 facultative anaerobe. It w r ill grow at a temperature of 49 C. 

 It multiplies slightly at 50 C. 



Resistance. Bacterium astheniae is killed w r hen immersed 

 for a short time in thin walled tubes in water at 60 C. It re- 

 sists freezing for 24 hours. It resisted drying on cover-glasses 

 exposed to diffuse light for 12 days. 



Pathogenesis. Rabbits inoculated intra-abdominally 

 with 0.5 cc. of a bouillon culture die within 24 hours. 



BACTERIUM MALLEI (LOEFFLER) MIGULA. 



Synonyms. Bacillus mallei Loeffler. 



Place in nature. Bacterium mallei is the cause of an im- 

 portant infectious disease of horses and the horse kind known 

 as glanders. Man is also susceptible. Bact. mallei is a para- 

 sitic organism not known to exist in nature except in the tis- 

 sues of glandered animals, and on material such as mangers,, 

 pastures, watering troughs, etc., contaminated with the dis- 

 charges of the glandered animal. Bacterium mallei was dis- 

 covered by Loeffler and Schiitz 1 in 1882. 



Morphology. Bacterium mallei is a small short rod with 

 rounded ends. It varies in size from 1.5 to 4 /* in length and 

 in thickness from 0.5 to 0.75 /x. There is considerable variation 

 in the size of different individuals in the same culture. They 

 are usually straight, but sometimes they show a slight curva- 

 ture. Spores have not been discovered. When found in tis- 

 sues, this organism appears quite often in small clumps, but 



1 Loeffler. Deut. med. Woch., Dec. 1882, translated by Ogilvie and 

 published in a volume of recent essays on bacteria in relation to* 

 disease, New Sydenham Society, 1886, p. 387. 



