270 MICROBIOLOGY 



on usual media it does not differ from the bacterium of fowl 

 cholera. 



Life conditions and properties. Here again it is not 

 unlike fowl cholera except that phenol was detected in 18-day 

 cultures. Soluble toxins have not been detected. 



BACTERIUM BOVISEPTICUM (KRUSE) MIGULA. 



Synonyms. Bacterium of Wild- und Rinderseuche Bol- 

 linger, 1 Bacterium bipolare multocidum Kitt 2 ; Bacillus bovi- 

 septicus Kruse 3 ; Bacillus septicemia hemorrkagica Hueppe. 4 



Place in nature. This organism is the cause of septi- 

 cemia hemorrhagica in cattle. It is also said to be the cause 

 of a pleuropneumonia of calves (Pallas) and of a calf septi- 

 cemia (Jensen 5 ). It is found in the organs of animals suf- 

 fering from the disease. It does not seem to differ from the 

 bacterium found in the upper air passages of a certain num- 

 ber of healthy cattle or from those found by Smith 6 in a 

 form of sporadic broncho-pneumonia in cattle. This organ- 

 ism was discovered by Bellinger in 1878. The disease caused 

 l)y it has been investigated by Wilson and Brimhall, 7 Rey T 

 nolds 8 and Fennimore 9 in this country. 



Morphology and cultural characters. Bacterium bovisep- 

 ticum according to Migula does not differ in its morphology 

 or cultural characters from the bacterium of fowl cholera. 

 According to Wilson and Brimhall the organisms take a deep 



1 Bellinger. Uber eine neue Wild- und Rinderseuche. Miinchen, 

 1878. 



2 Kitt. Sitzungsber. der Gesellsch. f. Morph. u. Phys. in Miinchen, 

 Bd. I (1885) p. 240. 



3 Kruse. In Pliige's Mikroorganismen, Bd. II (1886) p. 421. 



4 Hueppe. Berliner klin. Wochenschrift, 1886. 



5 Jensen. Monatshefte f. praktische Thierheilkunde, Bd. II 

 (1891) p. 1. 



6 Smith. Report B. A. I. 1895-96, p. 119. 



7 Wilson and Brimhall. Report State Board of Health of Minne- 

 sota, 1901. 



8 Reynolds. Bulletin No. 82, Minn. Agric. Exp. Station, 1903. 



9 Fennimore. Jour, of Comp. Med. and Vet. Archiv., Vol. XIX 

 (1898) p. 625. 



