344 MICROBIOLOGY 



Pathogenesis. Jordan and Harris found that rabbits 

 were susceptible to injections intraperitoneally of 2 cc. of the 

 heart blood of animals suffering with the disease, and from 

 the peritoneal exudate and heart blood they obtained pure cul- 

 tures of B. lactimorbi. Most of their experiments with rab- 

 bits, however, were negative. Luckhardt 3 made a number of 

 experiments to determine its effect on dogs. He was able to 

 produce symptoms of milk sickness by feeding large quantities 

 of the culture. 



BACILLUS ALVEI CHESHIRE AND CHEYNE. 1 



Synonym. Bacillus of European foul brood. According 

 to White 2 this disease has been called the "New York bee 

 disease ' ' and ' * black brood. ' ' 



Place in nature, This bacillus is the cause of the Euro- 

 pean "foul brood" of honey bees. This is a very serious af- 

 fection of bees and the cause of heavy losses to the apiarist. 

 It attacks the young larvae. The disease occurs most fre- 

 quently in the spring and early summer. "White 3 found the 

 greatest number of B. alvei in the bodies of the dead larvae. 

 They were found in the pollen and honey stored in the cells 

 of the foul-brood combs. He also found them on the exterior 

 of bees from infected colonies. 



Morphology. It occurs singly and in pairs. When taken 

 from the surface of agar cultures it varies from 1.2 to 3.9 /u 

 in length, and from 0.5 to 0.7 ^ in width. Involution forms 

 are sometimes present. Spores are produced and occupy an 

 intermediate position in the organism. They are oval and 

 vary from 1.5 to 2 /x in length and from 0.7 to \p in breadth; 



3 Luckhardt. loc. cit. 



Cheshire and Cheyne. Jour. Royal Mic. Society, Vol. V (1885) 

 p. 581. 



Harrison. Bulletin No. 112 Ontario Agric. College, 1900. 



2 Moore and White. Report N. Y. State Dept. Agric., Jan. 1903. 

 White. Bulletin No. 14 Technical Series, Bureau of Ento- 

 mology, U. S. Dept. of Agric., 1906, p. 144. 



3 White, loc. cit. 



