R. M. Teague Nurseries, San Dimas, Gal. 
Ten Acre Valencia orchard, 13 years planted to Teague trees, averaging 5661S packed boxes per annum for 11 years. 
and we herewith illustrate the four systems used. 
The Square and Hexagonal, or Septuple, systems are 
the two most commonly used. In our opinion the 
Square method is the best, however, the latter can be 
used to advantage in some plantings. 
The Square method gives more room for working 
among the trees, which is especially desirable after 
the trees reach maturity. At the age of six years the 
feeding roots of citrus trees planted twenty feet apart 
will occupy the entire space between the rows so that 
as far as space is concerned, there is no waste ground 
in planting by this method. It is a mistaken idea to 
plant trees too close, and in planting by the Hexa- 
gonal system we would advise its use as a means of 
giving the trees more room rather than to get more 
trees on the ground. If it is desired to get ninety 
trees per acre on the ground, which figures twenty- 
two feet apart each way by the Square method, it 
might be advisable to plant Hexagonal, which would 
make the distance twenty-three feet and six inches 
between trees, thus giving each tree an extra foot and 
a half more space. 
Square System. The rows are laid off equal dist- 
ances apart and the trees planted the same distance 
in the row, four trees forming a square. In laying 
out ground by this system parallel base lines are run 
on two sides of the tract. These lines must be per- 
fectly straight and the same distance apart, the dist- 
ance being governed by the size of the tract and the 
space left between the trees. For example, in plant- 
ing trees twenty feet apart on a ten-acre tract, which 
is usually 660 feet square, the first base line would 
be laid off on one side of the tract and ten feet in 
from the property line, allowing this ten feet for a 
margin or turning row; the other base line would 
be run on the opposite side of the tract and the same 
distance in from the property line. This would make 
the two base lines 640 feet apart or just 32 twenty- 
foot space. 
A 660-foot wire with buttons or cloth securely 
fastened every twenty feet, beginning ten feet from 
the end, is used for laying out both the base lines and 
the rows. When properly stretched along the first 
base line, stakes are set at each button to mark where 
