FLY SCREENS. 



55 



The various forms of window construction and windows 

 is described by Sir Fitzwygram as follows : 



" Four sorts of windows are commonly used in stables of the better class, 

 namely : First, the ordinary sash windows, which, if furnished with ropes and 

 pulleys, so as to let down easily from the top, answer well enough. They are, 

 however, open to the objection that a direct draught may come on the 

 horses, and on this account it is often necessary to close them altogether at 

 night and in cold, windy weather. A couple of panes of perforated glass are 



useful in such windows. Second, windows 

 which turn on a pivot in the centre. These 

 may be set open to any required degree. They 

 are the cheapest construction and answer well 

 enough, especially where many small windows 

 are used ; but they are in some degree open 

 to the objection of causing a direct draught on 

 the horses. Third, windows which do not open 

 wholly, but are furnished with glass louvres, are 

 used in some stables. They are objectionable 

 inasmuch as they are not calculated to admit a 

 sufficient amount of air. Fourth, windows 

 working on hinges at the bottom, as shown in 

 plan annexed, may be made to open to any 

 required degree. They offer every advantage. 

 They afford ample ventilation, yet do not throw 



a direct draught on the horses. They should be blocked so as to prevent 

 their closing within six inches of the top. As no direct draught can come 

 on the horses when they are closed to this degree, the author thinks that 

 no injurious result can ever arise from their being left open to the above 

 degree at all times and at all seasons. There should be a window over 

 the head of each horse two feet six inches in width and three feet in 

 height." 



FLY SCREENS. 



Charles Brindley, in "The Pocket and the Stud," remarks : 



" I always had a movable frame made to fit the window on the inside ; 



on this I stretched the same kind of open material that is used for meat safes ; 



FIG. 31 



