Popular Science Montlily 



17 



A 



A Mechanical Whip through which passes a wlii|5-support. 



N apparatus easily attachable to This extends upward for the reception 



the tongue or thill of any horse- of the whip, and downward to connect 



drawn vehicle en- 

 ables the clri\x'r to 

 wield a whip with- 

 out touching it. He 

 does not have to 

 earn' his whip, yet 

 it is ready for use 

 at all times. His 

 hands are free 

 when operating 

 harvesters, dump- 

 wagons, riding- 

 plows, and this is a 

 decided ad\antage. 

 The construction 

 of this device is 

 based on the spring 

 and lever principle. 

 An upright iron 

 support is attached 

 to the tongue or 

 thill. The upper 

 part is bent back 

 toward the driver 

 with the end ex- 



By means ot a lever, this whip can be 

 applied in any direction 



with a Stout spring. 

 A long rod is 

 attached to the 

 whip-support at its 

 junction with the 

 spring, and this ex- 

 tends backward to 

 thed river's seat, 

 terminating in a 

 hand-grasp. This 

 rod is suspended in 

 its middle portion 

 from an angular 

 bracket attached to 

 the body of the 

 vehicle. This sup- 

 ports the rod and 

 prevents the ball 

 from dropping. 

 The action of the 

 ball and spring is 

 such that the whip 

 may be manipula- 

 ted in any direction 



and when released 



panded into a ring whose diameter is returns to its original position. It is a 

 horizontal. Mttiiig in the ring is a ball more humane weapon than most whips. 



Welding Soft Metal to Hard 



FOR welding copper or aluminum to 

 iron or steel or for welding to any 

 hard metal, such as iron, nickel, steel or 

 the like, a comparatively soft metal 

 such as copper, zinc, silver or gold, an 

 apparatus has been devised which brings 

 the surfaces of the tAvo dissimilar metals 

 into contact with each other in a vacuum 

 or partial vacuum, and then heats the 

 metals to a high temperature. 



By producing a 

 vacuum around two 

 metals they can be 

 quickly welded. 

 The air in the metal 

 furnace is exhausted 

 and an arc formed 

 between the two 

 electrodes. The 

 heat melts the met- 

 als and they inter- 

 mingle readily. 

 This welding can be 

 effected between 

 any soft metal and 

 one which is hard 



To GENERATOR 



The apparatus comprises a container 

 or furnace preferabK- made of refractory 

 material with a metal jacket provided 

 with a doorway which, when closed, 

 makes the interior air-tight. A pipe or 

 conduit enables the air to be exhausted 

 by suction. After cleaning, the two 

 dissimilar metals are placed in contact 

 with each other within the crucible. 

 The doorway is 

 sealed, the air 

 exhausted, the 

 current turned on, 

 and an arc is formc-d 

 between the elec- 

 trodes, which forms 

 sufficient heat to 

 bring the tempera- 

 ture of the two 

 metals near the 

 fusing point of the 

 softer metal. When 

 this occurs a wold 

 or union of the sur- 

 faces is the result. 



