Automobile Shop Repairs 



Replacing Automobile Piston-Rings 



WHEK replacing the piston in ihe 

 cylinder of a gasoline engine, 

 after it has been taken apart, it is 

 usually difficult to get the compression- 

 rings to enter the bore because they 

 have to be sprung shut one at a time in 

 order to slide in. A new de\ice has been 

 designed to obviate this difficulty. It is 

 formed of two flexible steel cables connec- 

 ted by a series of steel bars, the last bar 

 on one end and several bars t)n the 

 other end being fitted with lugs. 



The method of using the device is to 

 wrap it around the rings of the piston, 

 after which a small clamp is placed on 

 the proper lugs and screwed up until 

 the rings have closed tightly around the 

 piston. When the piston is slipped into 

 the cylinder the contrivance is pushed off 

 the rings as they enter the cylinder in 

 succession. — E. G. !ngr.\m. 



The difficulty of re- 

 placing the piston 

 in the cylinder of a 

 gasoline engine can 

 be facilitated by 

 means of a series of 

 steel bars which are 

 arranged as shown 



Steam as a Carbon Remover 



FOR a number of years certain 

 tractor manufacturers have been 

 able to use kerosene as a fuel by injecting 

 a small amount of water in it. The 

 water flashed into steam from the heat 

 of the explosion and reduced carbon 

 deposits that would otherwise form in 

 the combustion chamlter. A small 

 steam \aporizer has been devised re- 

 cently for use with gasoline automobile 

 engines which makes the admission of 

 steam into the firing-chamber an auto- 

 matic process. The device is shown in 

 accompanying-illustration. The water- 

 container A carries a float B and a 

 float-regulatcd-watcr-admission valve C, 

 and is designed to be clamped around 

 the exhaust-manifold. The cover con- 



Steam vaporizer for reducing carbon 

 deposits in combustion chamber 



tains a chamber D into which water 

 passes through hole E from the water- 

 jacket around the cylinder-head. Hole 

 E is connected with the water jacket by 

 a pipe and unions. There is sufficient 

 pressure due to head of water in the 

 radiator to force the water through the 

 pipe to E, then up through the filter to 

 the orifice controlled by the float-\alve 

 C. The steam generated in chamber A 

 by the heat of the exhaust-pipe is drawn 

 out through pipe G, which communicates 

 with the induction pipe alx)ve the 

 carburetor. 



-A certain C|uantily of steam or water 

 \ apor is mixed with each ingoing charge 

 and the engine not only develops more 

 power, owing to an increase of the mean 

 efl'ecti\e pressure of the explosion, but 

 the ox\gen gas liljerated b\- the breaking 

 up of the steam keeps the engine clean 

 by combining with excess unconsumed 

 carbon. It is doubtful whether the small 

 amount of steam drawn into the mixture 

 can make any appreciable difference 

 with the power developed, but it is a 

 known fact that introducing water 

 vapor in proper (|uantities will tend to 

 reduce lialiility of carl)on deposit in the 

 combustion chamber. — Victor \V. Pag^. 



US 



