480 



Popular Science Monthly 



from the floor iii)\v.u(l and helps to keep 

 tlie lower part of the room cool. 



In winter, if it is desired to keep the 

 heat in the house, the door between the 

 cook-room and the kitchen can be kept 

 open and the ventilator and grating 

 closed when not needed to carry off 

 odors. The separate and well-ventilated 

 cook-room will insure a dining-room 

 which is cool and free from odors. The 

 fuel-room, filled from outside, is right at 

 hand, ol)\'iating the necessity of carrying 

 in fuel every day. 



The bathroom is readily accessible 

 from all parts of the house, and can be 

 used for washing up by the men in the 

 family coming from barn or fields with- 

 out going through other rooms. The 

 closet on the rear gallery is intended for 

 boots, rubber coats, etc. As this house 

 was designed to meet conditions pre- 

 vailing in the South, 

 no provision was made 

 for a washing room for 

 the farmhands, who, as 

 a rule, have their own 

 quarters. 



Instead of open fire- 

 places for heating pur- 

 poses, the drawings tor 

 this house provide for 

 a hot-air furnace in- 

 stalled in a pit beneath 

 the bathroom. The cost 

 of installation would 

 not greatly exceed that 

 of the two chimneys, 

 with two open fire- 

 places each, which 

 would be necessary to heat all the rooms. 

 The upkeep would be less and the effi- 

 ciency and comfort far in excess of that 

 afforded by open fireplaces. If the situa- 

 tion is low, with water near the surface, 

 the house can be raised iiighcr fn^n the 

 ground and the pit carried down but 3 

 ft. or so. It should be built of concrete 

 and made waterproof. Space for fuel 

 storage is provided under the rear gal- 

 lery, and there is a \egetal)le cell.ir 

 under the kitchen. 



There is less front gallery to this housij 

 than in nujst southern farmhouses. The 

 reason for this is that, while galleries 

 add to the coolness of a house in summer, 

 they keep the winter sun out, making 

 the house damp, told, and cheerless. 



Storage for Fuel Is Provided Under 



the Rear Gallery and a Vegetable 



Cellar Is Under the Kitchen 



Extensive galleries add to the nouse- 

 keeper's work. If a house has wide eaves 

 and good roof ventilation and is placed 

 so that it is partly shaded by trees, the 

 same beneficial effect afforded by galler- 

 ies is had in the summertime, while in 

 winter the sun will penetrate each room 

 at some time of the day. The summer 

 temperature within a house is largely 

 influenced by the presence of near-by 

 trees, which, even if they do not shade 

 the building, prevent or lessen radiation 

 from the ground. The plan, howe\'er, 

 does provide a comfortable front gallery, 

 and the sleeping porch can also be used 

 as an outside sitting 

 room. Two sleeping 

 compartments can be 

 pro\ided on this porch 

 by using a movable 

 partition or screen. 



The sleeping porch 

 should be screened in 

 for summer use and 

 glassed in during the 

 winter, at least on the 

 side most expo.sed to 

 cold winds anil stormy 

 weather. Canvas cur- 

 tains on rollers to en- 

 close the sides during 

 a storm will answer the 

 same purpose. The 

 floor should be laid 

 w i t h n a r r o w spruce 

 boards, using white 

 lead and oil to fill in 

 the cracks. 



"^SJ^ 



To Improve Machinist's Cement 



THE red lead used in machinist's 

 cement may be diluted with an 

 equal bulk of silica or other inert sub- 

 stance to make it less powdery on 

 drying. The best way to avoid brittle- 

 ncss and drj-ness, however, is to add 

 rubber to the oil according to the follow- 

 ing recipe: 



l.inseed oil 6 parts by weight 



Rubber or gutta- 

 percha I part by weight 



Dissolve the rubber or gutta-percha 

 in sufficient carbon disulphide to gi\-e it 

 the C(tnsist(.'nc\' of molasses; mix with 

 oil, and lea\i' exposed to the air for about 

 24 hours. Then mix the oil thus pre- 

 paretl with the red lead to form a putty. 



