Popular Science MonfltJy 



007 



of cast-iron, pri-sscd into the head fast- 

 ing; the piston-rings are also of that 

 material. The heaviest parts made of 

 aluminum are the pistons, cylinder-block, 

 cylinder-head and crank-case. The 

 pump, water connections, \al\e-motion 

 co\er and fan are also of aluminum. The 

 \al\e-actuating rocker-arms are alumi- 

 num-alloy die-castings, the taf)pet-rods 

 are also of aluminum alloy. Since 

 aluminum is a soft metal, it would not 

 be practical to run pistons of that ma- 

 terial in c\'linders of the same kind, so 

 accurateh' machined cast-iron cylinder 

 liners arc pressed into the cylinder-cast- 

 ing to guide the pistons. An engine of 

 tiiis kind will weigh considerably less 

 than one of the same size made entireh- 

 of cast-iron and steel, it being possiijle 

 to save several hundred pounds' weight 

 without any sacrifice of strength in an 

 engine of fift\' horsepower. 



A Bottle- Stopper Which Controls the 

 Outpour 



AVERY good makeup for a special 

 bottle-stopper intended to let out 

 onK- a small portion of liquid such as 

 |)erfume or the like, at a time, is shown 

 here. It also makes it impossible for 

 the stopper to be removed without 



The ball within the stopper allows only a 

 small portion of the liquid to pass out 



detection. Into the cork portion .4 is 

 fitted the metal part B which has a 

 ll.mged portion so as to cover all the top 



surface of the cork. The end is made 

 as represented, the ball being placed 

 inside in order to prevent escape of the 

 li(iuid except in small portions. A cap 

 of metal foil fits over the neck of the 

 bottle and the upper flanged part of the 

 stopper, so that to remo\e the latter 

 necessitates breaking the nutal foil. 



A Gage Which Tells the Amount of 

 Moisture in Wood 



A GAGE that ascertains with accuracy 

 the amount of water present in 

 lumber has been put on the market. In 



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Gage usecj to determine the amount of 

 shrinkage in wood in process of drying 



appearance it closely resembles otiicr 

 commoner forms of gages used for other 

 purposes, but its markings are different. 

 A section of the wood to be tested is cut 

 from the lumber and placed between the 

 gage-jaws. The sample is then rcmo\cd 

 and thoroughly dried in a kiln. When 

 the sample comes back from the kiln, 

 it is again measured and the amount of 

 shrinkage is noted. 



Mending Picture Frames 

 with Laundry Soap 



APICTIRE may often be bought at 

 a reduction in price because of a 

 ilaniaged frame. A badly marred or 

 chipped frame can be easily and elTectu- 

 all\- mended with common brown laun- 

 dr\- soap. Fill in the portions broken 

 awa\- with the soap, which can be 

 molded with the fingers into any desired 

 >h.i[)e. Let it dry thoroughly and it 

 will be as hard and strong as it is ne- 

 cessary for it to be. (iilfi or paint as the 

 case requires, and the frame will look 

 like new. — Jennie E. McCoy. 



