STUDIES ON THE ENDOCRINE (iLANDS:— V.: EFFECTS UPON 

 METABOLISM OF CASTRATION, OF THYROIDECTOMY, 

 OF PARATHYROIDECTOMY, AND OF THYROID AND 

 PARATHYROID FEEDING. By Masaharu Kujima, Fleet 

 Surgeon, Imperial ,Iapanese Navy. (From the Physiology 

 Department of Edinburgh University.) (With thirteen tables 

 and fourteen charts in an Appendix.) 



(Received for publication Id December 1916). 



The following observations are concerned with the effects of thyroidectomy 

 and of parathyroidectomy, and of feeding with thyroid and parathyroid, 

 upon the nitrogen, calcium, and gaseous metabolism ; and with the effects 

 of castration upon the gaseous metabolism. The animals employed in the 

 course of these observations were all white rats, and are some of those 

 which have been dealt with in the preceding papers. 



Literature. 



Before describing the results of my own experiments, a brief account of 

 recent literature may be given. 



Thyroidectomy. — Rovinsky (1) noticed, after the performance of 

 thyroidectomy in male rabbits and dogs, that there is a diminution in both 

 the gaseous exchanges and nitrogenous metabolism. He further found that 

 on castration of thyroidectomised animals there is a still more marked de- 

 crease of nitrogenous metabolism. Schneider (2) confirmed Rovinsky's 

 observations for female animals. He noticed the decrease of e'aseous 

 exchange and of nitrogen output in the urine to occur even before any 

 cachexia had developed as the result of the thyroidectomy ; and durino- the 

 period of cachexia thyreopriva both in castrated and non-castrated subjects 

 the animals generally decrease in weight, with increased protein meta- 



VOL. XI., XOS. 3 and 4.— 1917. 23 



