American Cichlid Genus Ciclilosoma. 63 



deciduous or wanting and the scales on the upper surface of 

 the head and of the anterior part of the body and on the 

 lower part of the abdomen are very small, which is not the 

 rase in Cichlosoma. A comparison of the skeletons shows 

 that the African genns is distinguished by certain features of 

 specialization, such as the low occipital crest, the absent 

 parietal crests, the attachment of the ribs near the free ends 

 of the parapophyses, and the anterior divergence of the 

 pelvic bones. 



A natural arrangement of the numerous species of this 

 genus is a matter of considerable difficulty. I have tried to 

 group the species according to their relationships and at the 

 same time to so define the various sections that they may be 

 mutually exclusive. 



Synopsis of the Species. 



I. Teeth of the outer series in the upper jaw usually more or less 

 distinctly and regularly increasing in size anteriorly (the anterior 

 pair not strongly enlarged unless the lips are exceptionally thick). 

 Teeth of the outer series in the lower jaw either, similar to those 

 of the upper jaw or with the anterior 2 to 6 on each side enlarged, 

 subequal, and rather distinct from the smaller lateral teeth. 

 A. Scales of the lateral line of the same size as those below it on the 

 side of the body. 



1. D. XIV-XVI 9-11. A. IV (? V or VI) 8-9. Scales of thoracic 



region not much smaller than those on the side of the body. 



1 . bimaculatum. 



2. D. XIV-XVI 10 12. A. VIII-IX 10-12. Body increasing in 



depth to below posterior part of dorsal fin. 



2. festivum. 



3. D. XV-XIX7-14. A. VI -XII 6-11. 6 to 8 gill-rakers on 



the lower part of the anterior arch. Body ovate. Pectoral 

 extending to above the origin of anal or beyond. Soft dorsal 

 scaly at the base. Lips normal. 



a. D. "XV-XVII 9-11. A. VI- VIII 7 9. 1 or 1 a scales be- 



tween lateral line and base of anterior part of soft dorsal. 



Depth of body ia-2J in the length; fold of the 

 lower lip not continuous ; pectoral extending 

 to above origin of anal .' 3. facetum. 



Depth of body about 2 in the length ; fold of the 

 lower lip continuous ; pectoral extending a 

 little beyond origin of anal 4. autochthon. 



Depth of body 2f in the length 5. oOlonf/u)ii. 



b. D. XVI-XVIII 11-14. A. VI-VIII 9-11. 

 2^ scales between lateral line and base of anterior 



part of soft dorsal G. temporale. 



4 scales between lateral line and base of anterior 



part of soft dorspj 7. coryph<T.noi(le>'. 



c. D. XVII-XIX 7-10. A. VIII-XII G-9. 

 D. XVII-XVIIT 8-9. A. VIII-X 0-8. Snout 



nuich shorter than postorbital part of head. . .^. vifjrofa^ciatinn. 



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