G54 Mr. K. Andersen on the Species and 



GORAM : — Bh. nanus. — A representative of the common 

 A ustro- Malayan simplex type. 



AmboinA: — Rh. euryotis tj/picus. — This form has its 

 closest, only subspecifically distinct, allies to the north 

 (Batchian) and to the south-east (Key Islands) ; but the 

 euryotis tjq^e belongs to a group of the genus (the arcuatus 

 group) which now has its most primitive representatives in 

 the Philippines. 



Batchian : — Rh. truncatus ; Rh. euryotis timidus. — Rh. 

 truncatus is a well-marked species of the widely distributed 

 simplex type. Rh. euryotis points, as already stated, in the 

 last instance northwards, to the Philippines. 



LOJIBOK : — Rh. simplex, Rh. affinis princeps; Rh. acumina- 

 tus audax. — Rh. simplex seems to be the most primitive 

 member of the section which I have proposed to call the 

 Rh. simplex group ; it has very close relatives in (probably) 

 the whole of the Austro-Malayan and Indo-Malayan sub- 

 regions. Rh. affinis princeps is the extreme south-eastern 

 outpost of a species now distributed from the Himalayas 

 through Indo-China, Sumatra, and Java; the Lombok form 

 seems to be more closely related to the Malacca-Sumatra race 

 (Rh. a. superans) than to the Java race (Rh. a. typicus). 

 Rh. aciiminatus audax is a local form of a Java species. 



'The a usteo- Malayan Subregiox. — Out of 69 species 

 known, only 8 are found in this subregion (9, if Rh. keyensis 

 is regarded as a species). Of these 8 species, two {Rh. affinis 

 princeps., Rh. acuminatus aiidax) are south-eastern outposts 

 of Indo-Malayan or Indo-Chinese species. Of tiie remaining 

 6 no less than 4 [Rh. simplex, megaphyllus, truncatus, nanits) 

 are representatives of the simplex type, which also numbers 

 several very primitive species in the Indo-Malayan Archi- 

 pelago. The last two species {Rh. achilles and euryotis) can 

 be traced back to the Philippines. 



Celebes: — Rh. celehensis, a representative of the simplex 

 type, in certain cranial characters jather intermediate between 

 the Austro-Malayan and. the genuine Indo-Malayan species 

 of the simplex group. 



Philippines : — Rh.virgo; Rh.philippinensis; Rh. arcuatus^ 

 Rh. subrufus, Rh. inops ; Rh. hirsutus. — The Philippine 

 Rhinolvphus fauna is remarkable for its richness in primitive, 

 even extiemely primitive, types, and the total absence of 

 highly differentiated forms. Rh. virgo is closely related to 

 Rh. horneensis, both of them species on a low level of develop- 

 ment. Rh.philippinensis is the most primitive representative 

 known of tiie philippinensis group; so far as concerns the 



