656 Mr. K. Andersen on the Species and 



gens \ Eh. sedulus, Bh. trifoliatus, Rh. luctus ; Rh. coslo- 

 phylhis. — The first three species belong to the simplex 

 group : Rh. malaynnus is very closely related to Rh. horneen- 

 sis; Rh. stheno a more thorou;i;h modification of the horneensis 

 type ; Rh. offinis superans is but a local race of a Himalayan 

 species. Rh. refulgens, a bat of the lepidus group, has its 

 closest relative in tlie Himalayas {Rh. monticola). Rh. 

 sedulus J trifoliatus, and luctus, all of the phihppinensis (^^roui), 

 are common to Borneo and the Malay Peninsuhi. Rh. ccelo- 

 phyllus is a highly peculiar species of the arcuatus group, 

 probably rather closely related to the Bornean Rh. Creaghi. — 

 Of the eight species here under consideration, six {Rh. malay- 

 anus, stheno, sedulus, trifoliatus, luctus, ccelophyllus} bear 

 evidence of the very close faunistic connexion between 13orneo 

 and the Malay Peninsula ; the remaining two {affinis, reful- 

 gens) are but slightly modified immigrants from tlie north. 



South AndamanS: — ^' Rh. andamanensis."'—K\i\\o\xg\\ as 

 yet very im))erfectly known, this bat is undoubtedly closely 

 related to Rh. ajjinis superans from the Malay Peninsula. 



Sumatra: — Rh. offinis superans; Rh. sumatranus ; Rh. 

 trifoliatus. — Rh. offinis superans and Rh. trifoliatus are 

 common to Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. Rh. suma- 

 tranus belongs to a small section of the lepidus group, closely 

 connected with Rli. refulgens from the Malay Peninsula. 



Engano : — Rh. calypso. — It is worth noticing that the 

 only Rhinolophus as yet known from Engano is closely related 

 to, but specifically distinct from, Rh. sumatranus. 



Banka : — Rh. sohfarius, a local representative of the 

 j?hilippinensis type, closely allied to, but specifically distinct 

 from, Rh. trijoliatas from the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. 

 Java: — Rh. offinis typicus ; Rh. minor, Rh. acuminatus 

 typicus ; Rh. trifoliatus, Rh. luctus, Rh. geminus. — The Java 

 form of Rh. offinis seems to be closer related to the Hima- 

 layan race than to Rh. a. superans from Sumatra and the 

 Malay Peninsula. Rh. minor is either identically the same 

 species as found in Siam and Darjeeling or a very closely 

 allied form. Rh. acuminatus has no closer relative than 

 Rh. sumatra7ius. Rh. trifoliatus and luctus are common to 

 Java, Borneo, and Malacca. Rh. geminus, a bat of the 

 luctus type, is very closely related to the Himalayan Rh. per- 

 niger. — As a summary: of six species, tiiree {Rh. affinis, 

 minor, geminus) point to a closer faunistic affinity between 

 Java and the Indo-Chinese and Himalayan tracts than 

 between Java and the geographically nearer Sumatra, 

 Malacca, and Borneo ; the remaining three are common 

 Indo-Malayan types. 



