58 



BUI.LETIN OF THE ESSEX INSTITUTE. 



probably to be explained by the fact that both subjects 

 measured were females. This explanation is also mani- 

 festly good for explaining the difference between the two 

 sets of figures for the Negroes, for in Turner's tables two 

 of the three Negroes measured were females. 



Cunningham investigated the influence of sex on the 

 curve and found a difference of .03 approximately, in 

 those races which he studied. Here are his^results : 



Table hi (Cunningham). 



We now come to the question of the relation of the 

 umbar index to the lumbar flexure in the living subject. 

 Cunningham reached the conclusion that practically there 

 could be no inference as to the character of the curve 

 from lum bo- vertebral index. The facts which led him to 

 adopt this conclusion were : — 



1 . "In European spines a high index is not infrequently 

 associated with a high degree of curvature. 



2. In the chimpanzee, in which the lumbo-vertebral 

 index is so high as 117.5, the prominence of the lumbar 

 curve exceeds that found in the European spine." 



