86 BULLETIN OF THE ESSEX INSTITUTE. 



May and grows amongst moss upon hilly grounds or rocks 

 that are shady. Wild Damask Roses, single, but very 

 large and sweet. Sweet Fern, Sarsaparilla, Bill Berries, 

 two kinds, Black and sky colored, which is more frequent. 

 Sumach, our English cattle devour it most abominably. 

 The cherry trees yield great store of cherries which grow 

 in clusters like grapes. They be much smaller than our 

 English cherry; nothing near so good, if they be not 

 fully ripe ; English ordering may bring them to an Eng- 

 lish cherry, but they are as wild as the Indians. Board 

 Pine (JP. strohus) is a very large tree. Pitch Pine, its wood 

 cloven in two little slices something thin, the only candles 

 used by the New England natives, and Higginson found 

 them adopted by the first colonists." The Board Pine, the 

 loftiest tree of New England, was seen in 1605 by Capt. 

 George Weymouth on the Kennebec, and hence the name 

 Weymouth Pine given in England to the imported deals. 

 Wood refers to these Pines, the White Pines, when he 

 speaks "of these stately, high-growue trees, ten miles 

 together, close by the river side." "The Larch Tree, 

 which is the only Tree of all the Pines that sheds his 

 Leaves before Winter, the others remaining Green all the 

 Year. Hemlock Tree, the bark of this serves to dye 

 Tawny. Cran-Berry, or Bear-Berry, because Bears use 

 much to feed upon them, is a small trayling Plant that 

 grows in Salt marshes that are overgrown with moss. 

 The Indians and English use them much, boy ling them 

 with Sugar for Sauce to eat with their meat. Pirola, 

 or Wintergreen, that kind which grows with us in Eng- 

 land, is common in New England, but there is another 

 plant which I judge to be a kind of Pirola and proper to 

 this country, a very beautiful Plant. The Ground of the 

 Leaf is a Sap Green, embroydered (as it were) with 

 many pale yellow Ribs, the whole Plant in shape is like 



