108 



Canadian Forestry Journal, March, 1919 



any necessary trimming and repairing that may 

 be required. It is only where a street tree de- 

 partment exists and has control of all tree work 

 along the public highway that stately, impres- 

 sive, uniform results can be expectod. 



Where street plantmg is to be done the ap- 

 pearance of the street as a whole should be 

 taken into consideration. This is not done 

 when the work is left to the individual citizens. 

 The average owner consults only his own taste 

 in regard to species and spacing and concerns 

 himself only with the section immediately in 

 front of his property without regard to his neigh- 

 bor's plans. An error that many owners fall 

 into is the planting of too many trees on their 

 frontage. They overlook the fact that trees 

 which appear widely enough spaced when young 

 may be much too crowded when grown to full 

 size. Frequently property owners will space 

 their trees closely when planting, with the in- 

 tention of removing certain ones before they 

 begin to crowd. When the time comes for 

 cutting, however, the ownership of the property 

 may have changed and the new owner either 



lacks courage to do any cutting or does not 

 feel himself under any obligation to do so. As 

 a result, the trees grow up much too crowded 

 and spoil the appearance of the street. 

 Helter-Skelter Planting. 



Looking along a street on which the planting 

 and care of its trees has been left to the in- 

 dividual property owner one finds within the 

 distance of a few blocks a dozen or more species, 

 all sizes and shapes. Desirable species are 

 mixed with undesirable, some sections planted 

 too close and others too far apart. Long 

 stretches will not be planted at all. Many trees 

 will be thinned too high and others branching 

 so low that they interfere with pedestrians and 

 vehicles passing beneath. Flourishing trees will 

 be found intermingling with those in need of 

 repair and rapidly dying for lack of attention. 

 TTie whole street has an untidy appearance and 

 lacks the impressive beauty produced only by 

 well-cared for trees, well selected and planted. 



Look along some of your own streets and de- 

 cide whether the attractiveness of your town can- 

 not be improved. 



SOME FACTS ON THE WHITE PINE MENACE 



B^ W. A. McCubbin. 



A survey of pine infection (Blister Rust) 

 areas was made in order to obtain evidence as 

 to the actual damage which has been brought 

 about by the disease. This survey covered 35 

 plantations in three districts, and involved the 

 examination of 14,428 young pine trees, 10 

 feet in height and under. In the Niagara dis- 

 trict the disease was most prevalent. In the 

 22 woodlots examined here the disease was 

 found in 19. ^ Out of the 11,579 pines exam- 

 ined 270 were found to be diseased. This 

 gives an average of 2.3 per cent infected trees, 

 and is apparently very small. It is to be 

 noted, however, that the highest record per- 

 centage of infection was 33.54 and in at least 

 two other cases where the percentage is 20 or 

 under, the estimate was made in woodlots from 

 which a very large number of young trees had 

 been removed. 



From our knowledge of the disease here in 

 past years which gives a fair idea of the time 

 the disease has been present in each locality 

 it would seem that under average conditions 

 the disease attacks about 1 per cent of pines 



per year. This is extremely low when one con- 

 siders the Ribes situation in the Niagara Pen- 

 insula, and from it one may obtain cheering 

 prospects for future control measures. In the 

 10 plantations examined at Oakville, where the 

 disease has been present since 1915 at least, 

 only one diseased pine was found out of 2,249 

 examined, and in Simcoe County where a 

 centre of infection had existed since 1912 at 

 least, no diseased pines could be found in 

 the three plantations examined, covering 600 

 pines. 



It is apparent from the results of this sur- 

 vey that three factors are concerned in in- 

 fection of pines: 



(a) The nearness of cultivated Ribes, par- 

 ticularly black currants. 



(b) The number of wild Ribes present. 



(c) The moistness of the situation. 



It has been found that on swampy land 

 wild Ribes are plentiful, luxuriant and become 

 infected very completely, while on higher and 

 drier situations, they are less plentiful and the 

 infection is often negligible. 



