Canadian Forestry; Journal, April, 1919 



175 



MIXING BEAUTY AXU IU'SIXESS. 

 The Square at Charlottetown, P.E.I., surrounded by public buildings and stores. 



COST OF PLANTING ONTARIO'S SAND LANDS 



The Ontario Provincial Forest Station lies in 

 Norfolk County, near the north shore of Lake 

 Erie. Here the Provincial Government has ac- 

 quired 1,580 acres of land, all light, sandy soil, 

 for extensive nursery work in reforestation. The 

 seedlings are first grown in carefully screened 

 seed-beds, where the natural conditions of the 

 forest as to light and sunshine are reproduced 

 as nearly as possbile. They usually remain in 

 the seed-beds for two years and are then trans- 



planted to the nursery lines. The third year 

 they are ready for final planting. Young trees 

 are usually set out from five to six feet apart 

 each way. At five feet apart it takes 1,742 

 plants to an acre. The estimated cost of white 

 pine transplants is $3.50 a thousand, and the 

 total cost of setting out an acre, 5x5 feet plant- 

 is $9.00. Prior to the war Scotch pine one-year 

 seedlings were imported from Europe, but the 

 Forest Station is now collecting its own seed. 



CONSERVATIVE LOGGING NOT EXPENSIVE 



The question is often asked as to how much 

 more it costs to log from purchases of United 

 States national timber because of the methods 

 required. D. C. Birch, forest examiner, dis- 

 cusses this in the Journal of Forestry from 

 studies in the California yellow pine belt. Fixed 

 woods improvements in such timber amount to 

 about $1.50 a thousand feet. The Forest Ser- 

 vice of marking reduces the amount of timber 

 to be taken out about 20 per cent, which results 

 m an extra woods construction cost of about 

 37|/2 cents a thouscand feet. The care required 

 in felling and logging amounts to about I cent 



a thousand. Yarding must be more carefully 

 done to avoid damage to standing timber, and 

 6 cents is allowed for this. The rules require 

 that dead snags be disposed of, and costs show 

 that this is about 21 cents a snag, there being an 

 avegare of about three snags to the acre. This 

 cost figures down to about 2 cents a thousand. 

 The removal of diseased trees costs another 7 

 cents. The rules require piling and burning of 

 brush, which work is often subcontracted at 17 

 to 25 cents a thousand. Its cost under direct 

 labor has ranged from 11 to 26 cents, but be- 

 sidered a fair price in this estimate. Fire pro- 



