176 



Canadian Forcslry Journal, April, 1919 



cause of increased present labor 30 cents is con- 

 tective measures, including investments in spark 

 arrestors and fire fighting equipment, cleaning 

 up around donkey engine settings, etc., cost 

 about 2 cents; a total of 85'/2 cents. 



There are, however, some compensations be- 

 cause of the fact that the marking system holds 

 back about one-fifth of the timber entirely of a 

 smaller diameter limit. The saw logs taken out 

 average larger and therefore of course of in- 

 creased quality, running larger to the better 



grades of product. This increase in quality 

 amounts from 50 cents to $1 a thousand feet, or 

 an average of 75 cents. The cost of felling 

 larger timber is smaller per thousand feet of 

 product. The fire protective measures also 

 largely pay for themselves in reduced cost of 

 fighting fires that actually occur. This study 

 appears to indicate that in California yellow pine 

 the actual net additional cost of cutting and 

 logging national forest timber is around lYl 

 cents. 



DECAY IN SHADE TREES— AND TREE REPAIRS 



The Forestr}) Journal reccntl}) received a letter of inquiry front a member whose trees had 

 shown signs of deca\) rvithout an^ apparent cause. Whether the soil was too pooor or could have 

 been responsible for the deadened vitality of the trees was one of the points brought up. Following 

 is the repl^ sent fcl; the courtesy of the Director of Forestry: 



The decay in your trees is due to the presence 

 of a decay causing fungus in the wood. The 

 condition of the soil has probably no direct con- 

 nection with its presence. All wood-decay is 

 the result of fungus growth which has developed 

 and spread throughout the wood structure, 

 slowly destroying it. The common shelf-like 

 and toad-stool projections frequently found on 

 trees and logs are the fruiting bodies of fungi 

 and it is on the surface of these that the tiny 

 spores are produced which are spread by the 

 wind or other means to neighboring trees. There 

 they gain entrance, through wounds in the bark 

 or where a bough has been broken or sawn off, 

 to develop and spread decay throughout their 

 new host. The removal of infested trees will 

 lessen the chance of its spreading, or if it is de- 

 sired to save any particular tree or trees this may 

 be done by completely cutting out all decaying 

 portions and, where necessary, filHng in cavities 

 with Portland cement after properly treating the 

 wounds. Repairing a tree in this manner re- 



quires considerable technical skill, and, although 

 it can be accomplished by an intelligent ama- 

 teur, it is usually best left to a thoroughly com- 

 petent repairer. All traces of decayed and 

 stained wood must be thoroughly removed, 

 otherwise the fungus will continue to develop. 

 It is therefore advisable before securing the as- 

 sistance of one of these men to assure oneself 

 that he is thoroughly reliable and understands 

 his work. Should you feel that you desire to 

 undertake the work yourself, or have it done 

 under your direction, I shall be pleased to have 

 a set of general instructions prepared for your 

 guidance. 



With regard to the planting of pine and 

 spruce on your property, you should have no 

 difficulty in growing these species on the soil 

 described. The spruce will probably do better 

 than the pine on the heavier soils or moister 

 portions. 



THE FORESTRY JOURNAL AS A SALESMAN 



Campbell Bros., of St. John, N.B., manufacturers of "Campbell's Patent Hammer 

 Poll Axe", recently advertised for the first time in the Canadian Forestry Journal. 



Do Journal advertisements bring new business? What do Campbell Bros, think? 



"From these ads we have had splendid results", writes the firm's superintendent under 

 date of April 1 1th. 



The Forestry Journal's constituency is made up of alert, progressive people, ready 

 and financially able to make your advertising salesmanship worth while. 



