284 



Canadian Forestry Journal, June, 1920. 



that which follows a cold rain or late 

 snow. During such a freeze the dam- 

 age to blossoms is greatly reduced 

 by protection from wind ; for evapora- 

 tion which produces a rapid cooling 

 increases in proportion to wind vel- 

 ocity. During a freeze of this kind 

 in Nebraska in 1908, fully protected 

 orchards yielded crops many times as 

 heavy as those without exterior pro- 



tection, and even the leeward side of 

 individual trees exposed to the wind 

 suffered much less damage than the 

 windward side. It is noteworthy also 

 that the one storm of rain and snow, 

 with a temperature of 28 degrees, did 

 all the damage during the season, 

 and that later frosts with lower tem- 

 peratures did not afTect the orchards. 



THE FORESTER IS BOTH SOWER AND REAPER 



By Dr. B. E. Fcrnoiv, Dean Emeritus, Faculty of Forestry, 

 University of Toronto 



The forester is in the same business 

 as the lumberman, namely to supply 

 wood materials to the community. He 

 is not after the beauty, but after the 

 substance of the tree ; he also uses 

 the axe to harvest the crop, nay, he 

 utilizes the forest even more closely 

 than the lumberman, but in this util- 

 ization he introduces one new point 

 of view, namely that of the economic 

 use of the soil for future crops. He is 

 not satisfied with the mere harvest of 

 what nature had accumulated, leaving 

 it to nature to do as it pleases in re- 

 establishing the forest, but he feels 

 himself obligated to provide system- 

 atically for a new and, if possible, bet- 

 ter crop. Under his care the trees will 

 also be cut and removed, but the for- 

 est will persist. He is the preserver 

 of the forest, not in the mannei in 

 which the public is often made to be- 

 lieve, namely by preventing the use 

 of the wood, but as all life is preserv- 

 ed, by removing the old and fostering 

 the young growth. He is a sower as 

 well as a reaper, a planter as well as 

 a logger, and to him forestry is, with 

 regard to wood crops, precisely what 

 agriculture is, with' regard to food 

 crops. 



CANADA'S GREATEST DAM 



The Gouin (La Loutre) dam, on 

 the upper waters of the St. Maurice 



river, Quebec, has a storage capacity 

 of 160,000,000,000 cubic feet and a wa- 

 ter area of 300 square miles, forming 

 the second largest storage reservoir 

 in the world. It is exceeded in size 

 only by that of Gatun lake, on the 

 Panama canal. The storage at Gouin 

 will permit a regulated permanent 

 flow of over 12,000 cubic feet per sec- 

 ond at Shawinigan, rendering 1,000,- 

 000 horsepower now available on the 

 St-Maurice. 



CANADA'S PELT SALES 



In the fiscal year, 1918-19, 12,723.- 

 000 pelts were imported into the 

 United States from Canada. These 

 imports included large numbers of 

 rabbit skins from Australia and New 

 Zealand and also about 250,000 sheep 

 skins from Australia, New Zealand, 

 India and Peru. These figures de- 

 monstrated that Canada is exporting 

 more furs than ever before in her his- 

 tory, and that the number of fur-bear- 

 ers taken in 1918-1919 was in excess 

 of the annual increment, thus trench- 

 ing upon our capital stock. 



The demand for furs and the slaugh- 

 ter of fur-bearers necessary to meet 

 this demand may be judged from the 

 fact that at the London April fur auc- 

 tion sale 8,780,582 pelts were offered. 



