Canadian Forestry Jounial. July. 1^20. 



365 



on account of the large salvage return 

 possible by prompt lo'gging, if in reas- 

 onable proximity to market. Com- 

 plete loss was rare, the fire commonly 

 did not consume the whole tree, but 

 merely ate into the base, often hardly 

 penetrated the bark higher up the bole. 

 Second cuttings were found to be more 

 dangerous, on account of the large 

 amount of slash commonly present 

 and the prevalence of immature trees 

 that constituted a complete loss when 

 burned. Because of its low value this 

 land was less often adequately pro- 

 tected, but the loss when it burned was 

 correspondingly low. Plantations were 

 the greatest risk, being subject to com- 

 plete destruction by slight fire. Plan- 

 tation values per acre being largely 

 labor, it was necessary that they be 

 agreed on in advance between the 

 policy owner and the company. In 

 actual practice in the future varying 

 rates should be charged, based on the 

 relative risk of each particvdar piece 

 insured, according to actuarial tables 

 which are not now in existence. Such 



tables could be constructed by com- 

 bining the accumulated exp'erience 

 gathered by all insurance companies 

 doing this line of business. The pro- 

 fession of timber insurance actuary- 

 should be created and at least one such 

 expert maintained as an adjunct to 

 general fire insurance companies, such 

 actuary having previous practical ex- 

 perience as a timber cruiser, estimator, 

 surveyor, operator and trader. 



What the Experiment Proved 



The following conclusions are bas- 

 ed on experience gathered : 



(1) A mutual timberland lire in- 

 surance company, to be organized 

 safely, should be on a very large scale, 

 with ample funds behind it. and 

 should extend its insurance over wide 

 areas in order to get an average risk. 

 Risks should not be written unless 

 there exists ample protection against 

 fire afforded by State and town or the 

 owner himself, over the area to be in- 

 sured. 



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