Osyi-is] CXIV. SANTALACE.R. 039 



dioecious, trimeroiis, yellowish ; berries scarlet, obloug-globose. In 

 the thickets of .Tfui. Humpata, and LopoUo, plentiful; fl. and fr. Oct. 

 to Dec. 185!t. No. 6438. 



Cli(ti<i ln-ixjinli/isis Muell. arg., Welw. herb. no. 338, grew in 

 company with this plant in rocky thickets near Mumpulla in 

 Oct. 1859. 



CXV. EUPHOliBIACE/E. 



The plant.s of this order in Angola are distributed alike in the 

 three principal region.-^, but with thi.s difterence, that each region 

 has its predominant set of forms. In the coast region the 

 arborescent cactus- like forms, with the habit of Ceretts or Ilariota, 

 are the most notable, and tliey communicate to their stations, 

 where they are massed in forests, a very peculiar physiognomy. 

 In the mountainous wooded region these leafless trees disappear, 

 or they occur only in cultivation, and, instead of them, the forests 

 and hills are furnished with climbing species of multiform aspect, 

 at times re.sembling the Convolvulaceje, as in the case of Dale- 

 champia ; the Urticacea;, as in Tragia, Acahjpha, and Croton ; and 

 the Leguminosaj, as in some species of PhyllantJms. Arborescent 

 forms do not fail to be represented, and such trees are in habit 

 .sometimes like the Tiliacea^ Rhamnacea), or Lauraceaj, or even 

 the ]\Ienispermacea3, In the high plateau region there occur, in 

 addition to some of the arborescent forms of the latter region, in 

 other ca.ses and in greater abundance the cactus-like euphorbias, 

 representing, however, in this region by preference the tieshy 

 Opuntia-like forms. 



The timber of the woody species is nearly always of very good 

 quality, white and firm, sometimes yellowish white, and then it 

 mostly more or less resembles box- wood ; Euphorbia Candelabrum 

 and its allies are, however, exceptions to this general rule. 



Two species of Euphorbia, namely E. Candelabrum and 

 E. Tirumlli, in Loanda, as well as Jatropha Curcas in Golungo 

 Alto, provide the negroes with pitchers or stakes that take root 

 readily when driven in the ground, and grow rapidly even where 

 no other shrub or tree can live, and for this reason they are 

 frequently u.sed for making fences round the huts or villages of 

 the natives. 



A material for a black dye, called " Dunce," is obtained from 

 Alchornea cordata in Golungo Alto, and from Lepidoturus occi- 

 dentalis in Pungo Andongo. 



l^ra'jia and JJalec/iampia contain stinging species ; T. cordifoUa 

 stung Welwitsch after it had been kept ten years in his herbarium. 



The milk which exudes fi-om the species of Euphorbia is not so 

 injurious as is often reported. On one occasion, when Welwitsdi 

 was shooting wild bircli in C'acuaco near Loanda, the milky sap 

 from E. Camlelabruni was squirted in great quantity right into 

 his eyes ; but after washing them for ten minutes w^ith cold .-^ea- 

 water, he suffered no ati'ection of his eyesight. On another 



