EXTERNAL PARASITES 



61 



tutional effect, similar to that of like infestations 

 by parasites in the larger animals and in man. 



At times the worms are fonnd in large masses, 

 partially obstructing the bowel, causing constipa- 

 tion, and possibly irritation sufficient to set up in- 

 flammation. There may be a loss of appetite, 

 unthrifty condition, unkempt appearance of plum- 

 age, dullness, languor and drooping wings, ema- 

 ciation, loss of color from the comb and mucous 

 membranes followed by death in a few weeks. 



Fig. 1 8 Fig. 19 Fig, 20 



Fig. 18. AscARis Inflexa (natural size) 

 A, Female. B, male. 



Fig. 19. Heterakis Papillosa (natural size) 

 A, Female. B, male. 



Fig. 20. Heterakis Papillosa, Head Extremity (magnified) 

 A, Mouth parts. B, esophagus. 



By careful examination of the contents of the 

 digestive tract of the birds killed for food pur- 

 poses the poultry raiser may keep informed as 

 to whether this form of parasitism is present in 

 his flock. If these worms are present in members 

 of the flock close observation will occasionally dis- 

 cover them passed in the feces. 



Treatment. — It is necessary to keep the yard and 

 henhouse clean, lime scattered on the floor and 

 about the yard, and the water for the birds kept 

 in a clean fountain and the food in clean troughs, 

 made for the purpose, and disinfected daily, and 



