62 POULTRY DISEASES 



so constructed that birds cannot step into tliem. 

 If at all possible, birds should be moved upon new 

 ground. The parasite eggs in the droppings re- 

 moved from the henhouse may be destroyed by 

 mixing the manure with unslaked lime. 



The birds may be given one teaspoonful of tur- 

 pentine followed by a tablespoonful of olive oil. 

 If the crop is full the dose of turpentine should 

 be doubled. Five to ten grain doses of areca nut 

 is a good treatment. The areca nut can be mixed 

 with soft feed and fed from a clean trough; it 

 acts as a cathartic as well as a parasiticide. One 

 grain doses of thymol is an excellent treatment 

 for round worms. Two grains of santonin for 

 each bird is likewise an effective treatment. 



Heterakis Papillosa 



This is another verv common worm and is usu- 

 ally found in the cecum or blind gut. The author 

 has found it present in about fifty per cent of the 

 adult birds autopsied in his investigation work 

 among poultry during the past four years. It is 

 spoken of as the small round worm by poultry- 

 men. 



Description. — This worm is much smaller than the Ascaris 

 inflexa, being only about one-fourth to one-half inch long. 

 It is white in color. Fig. 19 illustrates the male and female, 

 natural size. Fig. 20 illustrates the head parts, magnified 

 several times, and Fig. "21 the caudal or posterior end of 

 the male, magnified several diameters. 



Life History.— So far as known the life history is the same 

 as that of the Ascaris inflexa. While the latter infests the 

 small intestines as stated above, this one is found principally 

 in the ceca or blind gut. 



Symptoms of Infestation. — When present in 

 large numbers the small round intestinal worm 

 of chickens {HeferaMs papillosa) produces con- 

 siderable irritation and results in an unthrifty 



