DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT 79 



then by introducing water through the mouth and 

 then forcing it out as before, the crop, in this way, 

 may be washed out. 



Give bland substances, such as gruel and mild 

 antiseptics, such as salol, subnitrate of bismutli 

 or sulphocarbolates compound. 



Depraved Appetite 



This may be duo to a disease of the digestive 

 organs or it may be a vice learned from others. 

 Hens learn to eat eggs b}^ finding them broken or 

 be seeing an egg-eating hen and copying as a 

 cribbing horse acquires the habit from his mate, or 

 as one hog may learn to eat chickens from seeing 

 another eating one. 



Feather eating (plucking) is another habit 

 that may be acquired from mimicry. Obstruction 

 of the gizzard, lack of grit, insufficient or unsuit- 

 able food and catarrh of the crop are factors of 

 greater or less importance in causing a depaved 

 appetite. Kill the bird; the habit cannot be 

 broken. 



Chicken Cholera— Fowl Cholera 



Fowl cholera is caused by a germ (Bacillus 

 avisepticiis), and is a blood-poisoning (septice- 

 mia). The germ is rather short, plump, and 

 stains at the poles or ends deeper than the mid- 

 dle, with aqueous fuchsin, hence it is called a 

 polar- staining bacillus. Fig. 26 shows the germ, 

 magnified 1,000 times. Tliis drawing was made 

 from a blood smear from an outbreak among tur- 

 kevs and chickens, which was one of several out- 

 breaks that have been studied in the author's 

 laboratory. The large objects are various kinds 



