RESPIRATORY DISEASES 145 



talis, one drop of the fluid extract to the medi- 

 cation. 



Autopsy. Upon opening the bird that has died 



from penmnonia, the affected part of the lung 

 will be found to be dark red, and when cut 

 through it is liver-like in appearance and texture. 

 Serum (yellowish fluid) and blood may exude 

 from the surface. 



Pneumomycosis -Aspergillosis 



This disease is due to a fungus belonging to the 

 genus aspergillus, an organism similar to the 

 common green molds. The species that usually 

 affects the lungs of birds is the Aspergillus 

 fumigatus. 



Symptoms.— The affected birds are sluggish and 

 stay apart from the remainder of the flock ; they 

 sit about on the roosts, or in some corner; are 

 very weak, and later become unable to stand. 

 There is a loss of appetite ; the feathers have an 

 unkempt appearance; the wings are drooping 

 and the eyes partially closed. The respiration 

 is accelerated and there is a rattling of mucus 

 in the trachea and bronchi. Fever is present, and 

 there is ordinarily considerable thirst. The af- 

 fected bird usually dies after a prolonged illness. 



Postmortem Appearance.— AVliitish or yellowish 

 nodules, varying in size up to a pea, will be noted 

 in the affected parts ; which may be the trachea, 

 bronchi, lungs and the various air sacs. The 

 fungus may grow upon the surface of the mucous 

 membranes forming, at first, a feltlike whitish 

 mass which takes on color according to the spe- 

 cies of the fungus as it fruits (forms spores). 

 This membranous material, to the naked eye, re- 

 sembles a fi])ropurulent exudate. The obstruc- 



