RESPIRATORY DISEASES 149 



the use of the complementfixation method (a test similar to 

 one used in the diagnosis of glanders) the blood from the 

 diseased fowl exhibited fixation of the complement not shown 

 by normal fowl blood. Thus showing that it is a specific 

 germ disease. The antigen was prepared both from the 

 tumors on the head and from the liver of birds sick of the 

 disease. 



Treatment.— The same sanitary regulations 

 shonld be put into force as nnder f otvI cholera. No 

 l)irds shonld be sold from the flock while the dis- 

 ease exists among them. Cleaning of yards and 

 houses and keeping them clean, as well as frequent 

 disinfection, is essential. Antiseptics, as recom- 

 mended under cholera, may be given in the feed 

 and water. The head of the affected bird, should 

 be ])athed in an antiseptic solution. 



Roup— Diphtheric Roup— Swelled Head 



The cause of this disease seems to be far from 

 settled. European investigators have claimed it 

 due to an ultra-microscopic germ (one so small 

 it cannot be seen under the microscope). With a 

 view of determining whether or not the type exist- 

 ing in Colorado is due to an ultra-microscopic or- 

 ganism, two sick hens were secured for experi 

 ment. 



Report of Outbreak of Diphtheric Roup 



These birds had swollen eyes with an accumulation of 

 catarrhal or inflammatory product in the maxillary sinus 

 (cavity below and in front of the eye) and a discharge from 

 the nostrils of an offensive odor characteristic of roup. There 

 were also the characteristic yellowish-white diphtheric mem- 

 branes in the mouth. Material from all the lesions of both 

 birds was made into a suspension with physiological salt 

 solution and filtered through a Pasteur filter calculated to 

 take out all germs that can be seen by aid of the microscope 

 or grown on artificial media. . 



The fluid that passed through this filter was used m in- 

 oculating experimental birds. These birds were from flocks 

 in which no roup had appeared. In all fifteen inoculations 

 were made. Tubes of culture media were inoculated with the 



