88 rori.TKv diseasks and tukik treatmkxt. 



Etiology. Tlic cause of catarrli i> exposure to cold, to 

 draughts of aii". ti> daiii]) atmosphere (hie to improper housing 

 concHtions. or to wet weather. Weak stock or improperly nour- 

 ished birds are iiion,' likely to he affected 1)\- these conditions 

 than strong, vigorous and well fed individuals. 



Treatment. With strong, healthy stock it is usually only nec- 

 essary to remove the cause. It is a good practice, however, to 

 give red pei>per U"a])>icnni i witli the foofl. Salmon gives the 

 lornnila and dose of a tonic recommended In' .Megnin. 



"Gentian root 4 drams 



Ginger 4 drams 



Sulphate of iron 2 drams 



Hyposulphite of sodium i dram 



Salicylate of sodium i dram 



These substances are to be pulverized and then thoroughly 

 mixed. The dose is 3 to 4 grains a day for a medium-sized fowd. 

 Its effects are stimulating and tonic." 



In severe cases, the eyes, mouth, and nostrils may be washed 

 once or twice a da\- with (jne of the following solutions wdiich 

 are given in order of preference: 



1. Boracic acid 3 per cent .solution. 



2. Creolin i per cent solution. 



3. Hydrogen dioxide mixed with equal parts of w^ater. 



4. Carbolic acid, 2 per cent solution. 



Prognosis. A great majority of the birds recover in a few 

 days if the cause is immediately removed. If the cause con- 

 tinues to act they may become worse and die, or the disease 

 may become ciu'onic and persist for a long time. 



Bronchitis, Croup. 



This disease may follow catarrh as a direct extension of the 

 inflammatory processes in the membrane of the nasal cavities 

 and throat to the mucous membrane of bronchial tubes. 



Diagnosis. The symptoms of bronchitis are the symptoms of 

 a hard cold (severe catarrh) with rapid breathing and cough. 

 It may be distinguished from a cold by the peculiar sounds made 

 in breathing. In the early stages of the disease this is a whist- 

 ling sotmd made l)y tlie passage of the air over the dry, thickened 

 uKinbrane. As the disease advances nmcus collects in the tubes 

 and the breathing is accompanied l)y a rattling or bubbling sound. 

 Under favorable conditions the symptoms do not usually pass 



