ANATO:\IY OF THP: FOWL 



23 



mouth marks the border between the oral and pharyngeal 

 eavities. Both palatine and maxillary salivary glands are 

 present. The parotid, submaxillary and sublingual glands 

 are present also in some species of birds, but are rather rudi- 

 mentary. They have duets through Avhieli their secretions are 

 discharged into the mouth. 



Pharynx 



The mouth cavity terminates in the pharynx. The pharynx 

 is covered b.y a mucous membrance. There is a transverse 

 ridge, provided with filifonn papillae pointing backwards, 



Fig. 3. Visceral Organs of the Right Side of a Fowl. 



The right abdominal and thoracic walls have been removed; 6, duodenal loop; 7, 

 pancreas; 8, small intestines; 10, rectum; 11, ceca; 12, right lung; 12a, right lobe of 

 the liver; 13, base of the heart; 17, kidney; 18, the gall bladder located on the right 

 lobe of the liver. The gizzard is not visible from the right side. 



and located on the supero-posterior portion of the larynx, that 

 marks the posterior edge of the pharynx. 



The pharynx communicates with the mouth cavity anteri- 

 orly and with the esophagus and larynx posteriorly. 



Esophagus 



The esophagus is a nuiscular tube lying posterior to the 

 trachea. The tirst portion passes over to the right side as it 

 reaches the anterior surface of the breast, where it forms an 

 expansion called the crop. The second portion enters the 

 thorax through the anterior thoracic opening and occupies a 



